Annona Muricata (Annona muricata): Benefits, Dosage, Safety & Evidence

Questions fréquentes

How does soursop kill cancer cells?

Annona muricata contains acetogenins (annonacin, bullatacin, squamocin) that inhibit mitochondrial complex I, disrupting ATP production in cancer cells. These compounds demonstrate selective toxicity toward cancer cells while sparing normal cells in laboratory studies. Research shows acetogenins are among the most potent natural anti-tumor compounds identified (Evidence Level C - preclinical data). However, human clinical trials are lacking, and the same mechanism may contribute to neurotoxicity with prolonged use.

Does soursop interact with medications?

Annona muricata may interact with blood pressure medications, diabetes drugs, and CNS depressants. Its hypoglycemic effects can potentiate diabetes medications, potentially causing hypoglycemia. Blood pressure-lowering properties may enhance antihypertensive effects. Limited pharmacokinetic data exists (Evidence Level C), so patients on cardiovascular or neurological medications should consult healthcare providers before use. The herb's sedative properties may compound effects of anxiolytics or sleep medications.

How much soursop leaf tea should I drink daily?

Traditional adult dosage is 1-3 grams of dried leaf prepared as tea, consumed once or twice daily. Standardized extracts typically recommend 500mg twice daily. Start with lower doses to assess tolerance. Duration should be limited due to potential neurotoxicity concerns with chronic annonacin exposure. Evidence Level C supports these traditional dosing ranges. Avoid prolonged daily use beyond a few weeks without medical supervision.

Is soursop safe during pregnancy?

No, Annona muricata is considered unsafe during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Traditional use includes emmenagogue properties that may stimulate uterine contractions. Animal studies suggest potential embryotoxic effects. The acetogenins cross the blood-brain barrier and may affect fetal neurological development. Pregnant and nursing women should avoid all forms of soursop, including tea, supplements, and fruit consumption. Evidence Level C indicates risk based on traditional use and preclinical findings.

Can soursop cause Parkinson's disease?

Research links chronic Annona muricata consumption to atypical Parkinsonism, particularly in populations with high dietary intake. Annonacin, a major acetogenin, is neurotoxic and can induce Parkinsonian symptoms through mitochondrial complex I inhibition in brain cells. Studies in the French West Indies and Guam found correlations between soursop consumption and Parkinsonian syndromes (Evidence Level C). Symptoms may include tremors, rigidity, and movement difficulties. Limit duration of use and avoid in individuals with neurological conditions.

Fiche d'information compilée à partir de PubMed

Cette fiche a été compilée à partir de résumés PubMed (NIH) avec l'assistance d'une IA. Chaque affirmation factuelle est citée par un article PubMed réel (voir la liste des sources). Elle n'a pas encore été révisée par un humain — confirmez auprès d'un professionnel de santé avant utilisation.

Compilé à partir de 30 articles PubMed · modèle : gemma4:31b

Résumé

Annona muricata, also known as soursop or graviola, is a tropical evergreen tree used globally in traditional medicine for various diseases, including cancer and diabetes [PMID:35208993, PMID:30151067].

Contexte

Annona muricata is a member of the Annonaceae family, widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia, and South and Central America [PMID:30151067, PMID:35684400, PMID:26184167].

Usages traditionnels

Traditional uses include treating insomnia, diabetes, cystitis, headaches (leaves), and anthelmintic applications (crushed seeds) [PMID:36678273]. It is also used for infections, inflammation, anemia-related symptoms [PMID:42193201], and heart and liver diseases (fruit juice) [PMID:38285000].

Composés actifs

Key bioactive constituents include annonaceous acetogenins (such as annonacin and annomuricins), alkaloids (coreximine and reticuline), flavonoids (quercetin, rutin, kaempferol), and various phenolic compounds [PMID:35208993, PMID:36678273, PMID:26184167].

Mécanisme d'action

Mechanisms include acting as a free radical scavenger, inducing apoptosis, inhibiting mitotic spindle kinase, and inhibiting angiogenesis [PMID:33390130]. In osteosarcoma cells, it may downregulate cytokines IL-6 and TGFβ1 [PMID:40735766].

Preuves cliniques

Preuve CCancer

Demonstrated antitumor and apoptogenic effects in various cell lines and animal models, including osteosarcoma and Ehrlich solid tumors [PMID:40735766, PMID:32493124].

Preuve DDiabetes/Hyperglycemia

Reduced fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR while enhancing insulin signaling in diabetic mice [PMID:34679681]; attenuated behavioral alterations and testicular oxidative stress in diabetic rats [PMID:31509596].

Preuve DTrichinellosis

Significant reduction of adult and larval counts of Trichinella spiralis in mice [PMID:34515021].

Preuve DHepatotoxicity

Demonstrated hepatoprotective potency against paracetamol-induced toxicity in rats [PMID:38110557] and ameliorative effects on MSG-induced hepatic injury [PMID:33143024].

Preuve DSpinal Cord Injury

Investigated for neuroprotective effects in an experimental rat model [PMID:35485570].

Preuve DCandida albicans

Sécurité et effets indésirables

Possible neurotoxicity from quinolines in Annona muricata teas has been postulated in relation to a neurological syndrome in the French West Indies [PMID:9848004].

Synthèse des preuves

The majority of evidence is based on in vitro studies, animal models (D), and literature reviews (C). There is a lack of high-level clinical trial data (B) or systematic reviews (A) confirming clinical efficacy in humans.

Sources PubMed

1.PMID: 35208993 (2022) — Pharmacological Activities of Soursop (Annona muricata Lin.). · Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
2.PMID: 29462271 (2018) — Emerging therapeutic potential of graviola and its constituents in cancers. · Carcinogenesis
3.PMID: 9848004 (1998) — Tropical myeloneuropathies revisited. · Current opinion in neurology
4.PMID: 37048268 (2023) — Soursop (Annona muricata) Properties and Perspectives for Integral Valorization. · Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
5.PMID: 30151067 (2018) — Anticancer Properties of Graviola (Annona muricata): A Comprehensive Mechanistic Review. · Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity
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Annona Muricata

Sources et citations

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