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Ces informations sont fournies à titre éducatif uniquement et ne remplacent pas un avis médical professionnel, un diagnostic ou un traitement. Consultez toujours votre professionnel de santé avant d'utiliser des plantes, surtout si vous êtes enceinte, allaitez, prenez des médicaments ou avez une condition médicale.
Hagenia abyssinica contains active phloroglucinol compounds—kosin, kosotoxin, and protokosin—that act as anthelmintic agents. These compounds are believed to paralyze tapeworms by affecting their neuromuscular function, rendering them unable to attach to the intestinal wall. The paralyzed worms are then expelled through the herb's strong purgative action. Tannins present in the flowers may provide additional antiparasitic support. Evidence for this mechanism is rated Level C, based primarily on traditional use and limited pharmacological studies rather than controlled clinical trials.
Does Hagenia abyssinica interact with any medications?
Limited documentation exists on specific drug interactions with Hagenia abyssinica. However, due to its potent biological activity and kidney contraindication, it should not be combined with other anthelmintic drugs, laxatives, or nephrotoxic medications. The herb's strong purgative effects may alter absorption of orally administered drugs. Patients on prescription medications should consult a qualified healthcare provider before use, as comprehensive interaction studies have not been conducted. Professional supervision is strongly recommended given the herb's narrow therapeutic window.
What is the correct dosage of Hagenia abyssinica for tapeworms?
The traditional adult dosage is 15-20 grams of dried female flower powder, taken as a single dose after fasting. This should only be administered under professional supervision due to the herb's potential toxicity. Precise measurement is critical—doses exceeding 20 grams significantly increase the risk of serious adverse effects. The treatment is typically followed by a purgative to ensure complete parasite expulsion. This dosing recommendation carries Level C evidence, derived from traditional Ethiopian use rather than standardized clinical trials.
Is Hagenia abyssinica safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding?
No, Hagenia abyssinica is unsafe during pregnancy and breastfeeding. The herb's active compounds can stimulate uterine contractions, potentially causing miscarriage or premature labor. Its significant toxicity and strong purgative effects pose additional risks to fetal development and maternal health. The herb is also contraindicated during lactation, as active compounds may pass into breast milk. Pregnant or breastfeeding women requiring treatment for parasitic infections should seek safe, evidence-based pharmaceutical alternatives under medical supervision.
What are the side effects of Hagenia abyssinica?
Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, and intense purgative effects such as severe diarrhea and abdominal cramping. These reactions are often part of the therapeutic expulsion of parasites but can be distressing. More serious concerns arise from the herb's narrow therapeutic window—overdose can cause systemic toxicity, particularly affecting the kidneys. Individuals with pre-existing kidney disease face heightened risks and should avoid this herb entirely. Professional supervision is essential to monitor for adverse reactions and ensure appropriate dosing.
What is Hagenia abyssinica used for traditionally?
Hagenia abyssinica, known locally as brayera or African redwood, has been used for centuries in Ethiopian traditional medicine primarily as an anthelmintic to expel tapeworms and other intestinal parasites. Secondary traditional applications include wound healing and malaria treatment. The female flowers contain the highest concentration of active compounds. While these uses are well-documented ethnobotanically, clinical evidence remains at Level C, requiring more rigorous scientific investigation to validate efficacy and establish standardized safety protocols for modern therapeutic use.
Fiche d'information compilée à partir de PubMed
Cette fiche a été compilée à partir de résumés PubMed (NIH) avec l'assistance d'une IA. Chaque affirmation factuelle est citée par un article PubMed réel (voir la liste des sources). Elle n'a pas encore été révisée par un humain — confirmez auprès d'un professionnel de santé avant utilisation.
Compilé à partir de 30 articles PubMed · modèle : gemma4:31b
Résumé
Hagenia abyssinica, commonly known as 'kosso', is a multipurpose tree species endemic to the highlands of Ethiopia used traditionally to treat various diseases [PMID:39769960, PMID:40642007].
Contexte
Hagenia abyssinica is a monotypic dioecious tree species from the Rosaceae family distributed in the highlands of Ethiopia [PMID:39769960, PMID:32308725, PMID:28097059]. It is utilized for medicinal purposes, furniture, fuel wood, soil fertility management, and rainwater conservation [PMID:39769960].
Usages traditionnels
Traditionally used in African countries to treat fever, abdominal pain, respiratory illnesses, intestinal parasitic infections, wound healing, cancer, and diabetes mellitus [PMID:40642007, PMID:39769960, PMID:33149648]. The flowers are specifically used as a tea for intestinal parasites [PMID:32041310] and for wound treatment [PMID:32308725].
Composés actifs
The plant contains secondary metabolites including terpenoids, flavonoids, and phenols [PMID:40642007]. Specific constituents include phloroglucinol derivatives (kosins), quercetin 3-O-β-glucuronide, quercetin 3-O-β-glucoside, and rutin [PMID:22896828]. Essential oil components include cis-davanone (14.73%), Aristolediene (9.31%), and cryptone (6.50%) [PMID:38938551].
Mécanisme d'action
Potential antiparasitic activity may involve the inhibition of target enzymes such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE), lactate dehydrogenases (LDH), and glutathione reductase (GR) [PMID:38763 la]. Antidiabetic effects are associated with the inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase [PMID:33987444, PMID:32607006].
Preuves cliniques
Preuve DDiabetes Mellitus
Crude hydromethanol extract of leaves significantly reduced fasting blood glucose levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice [PMID:33149648].
Preuve DDiarrhea
Methanol crude extract of leaves exhibited antidiarrheal activity in castor oil-induced mouse models [PMID:34055027, PMID:33628317].
Preuve DParasitic Infections
Fractions showed anthelmintic activity against Schistosoma mansoni, Clonorchis sinensis, Fasciola hepatica, and Echinostoma caproni, with activity decreasing as polarity increased [PMID:22896828].
Preuve DWound Healing
80% methanol crude flower extract was evaluated for wound healing and anti-inflammatory activity in mice [PMID:32308725].
Sécurité et effets indésirables
Crude extract is considered safe in vivo at doses less than 2,000 mg/kg [PMID:40642007, PMID:33628317]. However, larger doses can cause damage to the optic nerve [PMID:40642007], and high doses have been reported to cause retinal pathology and visual deficits in chicks [PMID:4060151].
Synthèse des preuves
The current evidence is primarily based on in vitro and in vivo animal models (Level D) and literature reviews (Level C). There is a lack of human clinical trials to validate traditional uses.
Sources PubMed
1.PMID: 39769960 (2024) — Biological Properties and Phytochemicals of Multipurpose Tree Plant Hagenia abyssinica. · Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
2.PMID: 38938551 (2024) — Essential Oil and Smoke Components of Artemisia absinthium and Hagenia abyssinica. · International journal of food science
3.PMID: 32308725 (2020) — In Vivo Evaluation of Wound Healing and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of 80% Methanol Crude Flower Extract of Hagenia abyssinica (Bruce) J.F. Gmel in Mice. · Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM
4.PMID: 32041310 (2020) — Antioxidant and Anti-Proliferative Properties of Hagenia abyssinica Roots and Their Potentially Active Components. · Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
5.PMID: 33149648 (2020) — Antidiabetic and Anti-hyperlipidemic Effects of the Crude Hydromethanol Extract of Hagenia abyssinica (Rosaceae) Leaves in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice.
Sources gouvernementales
Aucune monographie gouvernementale directe n'est disponible pour cette plante. Le contenu ci-dessous est généré par IA et n'a pas été vérifié par rapport à une source gouvernementale faisant autorité. Utilisez les liens de recherche pour consulter les sources officielles avant de vous fier à ces informations.
· Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy
6.PMID: 40642007 (2025) — Ethnobotany, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicity of Hagenia abyssinica (Bruce) J.F.Gmel.: a review. · Frontiers in pharmacology
7.PMID: 32607006 (2020) — Evaluation of in vitro and in vivo Anti-Diabetic, Anti-Hyperlipidemic and Anti-Oxidant Activity of Flower Crude Extract and Solvent Fractions of Hagenia Abyssinica (Rosaceae). · Journal of experimental pharmacology
8.PMID: 38763372 (2024) — Exploring potential inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase, lactate dehydrogenases, and glutathione reductase from Hagenia abyssinica (Bruce) J.F. Gmel. based on multi-target ultrafiltration-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and molecular docking. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
9.PMID: 34055027 (2021) — Methanolic Crude Extract of Hagenia abyssinica Possesses Significant Antidiarrheal Effect: Evidence for In Vivo Antidiarrheal Activity. · Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM
10.PMID: 4060151 (1985) — Visual deficits and retinotoxicity caused by the naturally occurring anthelmintics, Embelia ribes and Hagenia abyssinica. · Toxicology and applied pharmacology
11.PMID: 33628317 (2021) — Evaluation of In Vivo Antidiarrheal Activity of Solvent Fractions of Hagenia abyssinica (Rosaceae) in Swiss Albino Mice. · Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM
12.PMID: 22896828 (2012) — Characterization of Constituents and Anthelmintic Properties of Hagenia abyssinica. · Scientia pharmaceutica
13.PMID: 28097059 (2017) — The complete chloroplast genome sequence of an endemic monotypic genus Hagenia (Rosaceae): structural comparative analysis, gene content and microsatellite detection. · PeerJ
14.PMID: 33987444 (2021) — In Vitro α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities of the Crude Extract and Solvent Fractions of Hagenia abyssinica Leaves. · BioMed research international