Ce produit n'est pas destiné à diagnostiquer, traiter, guérir ou prévenir toute maladie. Ces déclarations n'ont pas été évaluées par la Food and Drug Administration.
Ces informations sont fournies à titre éducatif uniquement et ne remplacent pas un avis médical professionnel, un diagnostic ou un traitement. Consultez toujours votre professionnel de santé avant d'utiliser des plantes, surtout si vous êtes enceinte, allaitez, prenez des médicaments ou avez une condition médicale.
Himalayan Neem (Picrasma quassioides) exerts its effects through picrasidine alkaloids, quassinoids, and beta-carboline alkaloids. These compounds demonstrate antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective properties. The bitter principles stimulate digestive secretions and bile flow, supporting liver function. In Sowa Rigpa tradition, its bitter taste clears heat and dries dampness, addressing skin infections, fever, and digestive stagnation. The quassinoids contribute to its antimicrobial action against various pathogens. Evidence level: B.
Does Himalayan Neem interact with any medications?
Specific drug interaction studies for Himalayan Neem are limited. Due to its effects on gastric secretions and liver metabolism, it may alter the absorption or metabolism of certain medications. Patients taking antidiabetic drugs should monitor blood glucose closely, as bitter herbs can affect glucose metabolism. Those on immunosuppressant therapy should exercise caution due to potential immunomodulatory effects. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before combining with prescription medications. Evidence level: C (theoretical).
What is the recommended dosage for Himalayan Neem?
The traditional adult dosage for Himalayan Neem is 3-9 grams daily, typically prepared as a decoction or taken as powder. Lower doses are recommended initially, with gradual increases based on individual tolerance and therapeutic response. Due to its intensely bitter nature, taking it after meals may reduce gastric irritation. This herb should be used under the guidance of a qualified herbalist or Sowa Rigpa practitioner. Evidence level: B.
Is Himalayan Neem safe during pregnancy?
Himalayan Neem is contraindicated during pregnancy and should be strictly avoided. The bitter alkaloids and quassinoids may stimulate uterine contractions and pose a risk of miscarriage. In Tibetan medicine, its heat-clearing and drying properties are considered inappropriate during pregnancy, when preserving warmth and nourishment is essential. Breastfeeding women should also avoid this herb due to insufficient safety data. Evidence level: Traditional contraindication.
What are the side effects of Himalayan Neem?
Common side effects of Himalayan Neem include nausea and gastric irritation, primarily due to its intensely bitter constituents. These effects are typically dose-dependent and may be minimized by taking the herb with food. Individuals with gastric conditions such as ulcers or acid reflux may experience worsened symptoms. Those with cold deficiency conditions in Tibetan medicine should avoid this herb, as its cooling properties may aggravate such constitutions. Evidence level: B.
Fiche d'information compilée à partir de PubMed
Cette fiche a été compilée à partir de résumés PubMed (NIH) avec l'assistance d'une IA. Chaque affirmation factuelle est citée par un article PubMed réel (voir la liste des sources). Elle n'a pas encore été révisée par un humain — confirmez auprès d'un professionnel de santé avant utilisation.
Compilé à partir de 30 articles PubMed · modèle : gemma4:31b
Résumé
Picrasma quassioides is an Asian shrub used in traditional medicine with demonstrated anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and neuroprotective pharmacological activities [PMID:34659503, PMID:32858812].
Contexte
Picrasma quassioides (D. Don) Benn is a member of the Simaroubaceae family commonly grown in Asia, the Himalayas, and India [PMID:32858812, PMID:35783065]. It is recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopeia as Kumu [PMID:38964561].
Usages traditionnels
Traditionally used to treat fever, gastric discomfort, pediculosis [PMID:32858812], inflammation, microbial infection, and dysentery [PMID:31520892]. It is also used for anemopyretic cold, eczema, nausea, loss of appetite, diabetes mellitus, hypertension [PMID:32606152], and skin conditions such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, scabies, and boils [PMID:38789093].
Composés actifs
The plant contains a complex mixture of phytochemicals, primarily alkaloids (including β-carbolines, canthinones, and alkaloid dimers), quassinoids, and terpenoids (such as tirucallane and apotirucallane triterpenoids) [PMID:32858812, PMID:34768188, PMID:27494664]. Specific active ingredients include methylnigakinone [PMID:35870280] and canthin-6-one [PMID:35472694].
Mécanisme d'action
Anticancer effects are mediated via the ROS-mitochondrial axis activating the p38 MAPK signaling pathway in cervical cancer cells [PMID:32606152] and by inhibiting the EMT process through upregulation of E-cadherin and ZO-1 and downregulation of beta-catenin and Snail in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma [PMID:37686036]. Neuroprotective effects occur via suppression of cell apoptosis and downregulation of caspase-3 activation [PMID:30917277], and by ameliorating LPS-induced astrocyte activation to protect the blood-brain barrier [PMID:35472694]. Anti-inflammatory activity is associated with the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α, and IL-6 production [PMID:21372418].
Preuves cliniques
Preuve DAlzheimer's Disease
EtOAc extract of stems improved memory and cognitive abilities in amyloid-β peptide-induced AD mice and showed neuroprotective activities in vitro [PMID:31520892]
Preuve DRheumatoid Arthritis
Total alkaloid extract delivered via hyaluronic acid decorated lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles showed anti-inflammatory activity in collagen-induced arthritis rats [PMID:37023852]
Preuve DHepatocellular Carcinoma
Medicated serum of P. quassioides exerts an inhibitory effect on the growth of HCC cells [PMID:40092104]
Sécurité et effets indésirables
Total alkaloid extracts have been noted to have high toxicity with an IC50 of 8.088 ± 0.903 μg/ml [PMID:37023852].
Synthèse des preuves
The current evidence is primarily based on in vitro cell studies, in silico computational modeling, and animal models (mice and rats). There are no human clinical trials provided; therefore, the overall strength of evidence for clinical application is low (Level D).
Sources PubMed
1.PMID: 34659503 (2021) — Pharmacological effects of Picrasma quassioides (D. Don) Benn for inflammation, cancer and neuroprotection (Review). · Experimental and therapeutic medicine
2.PMID: 32858812 (2020) — Phytochemistry, Traditional Use and Pharmacological Activity of Picrasma quassioides: A Critical Reviews. · Nutrients
3.PMID: 39170506 (2024) — Progress in the study of chemical composition, biological activity, and its metabolism of the Picrasma quassioides. · Heliyon
4.PMID: 34768188 (2022) — Alkaloids from Picrasma quassioides: An overview of their NMR data, biosynthetic pathways and pharmacological effects. · Phytochemistry
5.PMID: 31520892 (2019) — Effects of Picrasma quassioides and its active constituents on Alzheimer's disease in vitro and in vivo.
Sources gouvernementales
Aucune monographie gouvernementale directe n'est disponible pour cette plante. Le contenu ci-dessous est généré par IA et n'a pas été vérifié par rapport à une source gouvernementale faisant autorité. Utilisez les liens de recherche pour consulter les sources officielles avant de vous fier à ces informations.
6.PMID: 32606152 (2020) — Picrasma quassioides Extract Elevates the Cervical Cancer Cell Apoptosis Through ROS-Mitochondrial Axis Activated p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway. · In vivo (Athens, Greece)
7.PMID: 30917277 (2019) — Quassinoids from Picrasma quassioides and Their Neuroprotective Effects. · Journal of natural products
8.PMID: 38964561 (2024) — Picrasma quassioides leaves: Insights from chemical profiling and bioactivity comparison with stems. · Fitoterapia
9.PMID: 35783065 (2022) — The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Picrasma quassioides (D. Don) Benn. 1844 (Simaroubaceae). · Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources
10.PMID: 40092104 (2025) — Mechanisms of Picrasma quassioides against hepatocellular carcinoma elucidated by network pharmacology and experimental validation. · American journal of translational research
11.PMID: 38789093 (2024) — Anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-melanogenic effects of the ethanol extract of Picrasma quassioides (D. Don) Benn. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
12.PMID: 37023852 (2023) — Enhanced Anti-Rheumatoid Arthritis Activity of Total Alkaloids from Picrasma Quassioides in Collagen-Induced Arthritis Rats by a Targeted Drug Delivery System. · Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
13.PMID: 35870280 (2022) — Methylnigakinone content determination and geographical origin discrimination for P. quassioides via fluorescence fingerprint and principal component analyses. · Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
14.PMID: 36729583 (2023) — Chemical constituents from the twigs and leaves of Picrasma quassioides. · Journal of Asian natural products research
15.PMID: 30530072 (2019) — New tirucallane triterpenoids from Picrasma quassioides with their potential antiproliferative activities on hepatoma cells. · Bioorganic chemistry
16.PMID: 36693439 (2023) — β-Carboline alkaloids from Picrasma quassioides and their 3D-QSAR study on anti-inflammation in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. · Fitoterapia
17.PMID: 36464333 (2022) — In vivo and in vitro antifungal activities of five alkaloid compounds isolated from Picrasma quassioides (D. Don) Benn against plant pathogenic fungi. · Pesticide biochemistry and physiology
18.PMID: 31820963 (2020) — Quassinoids with Insecticidal Activity against Diaphorina citri Kuwayama and Neuroprotective Activities from Picrasma quassioides. · Journal of agricultural and food chemistry
19.PMID: 40817034 (2025) — C-14 oxygenated quassinoids with control effect against larvae of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama from fruits of Picrasma quassioides. · Pest management science
20.PMID: 37832877 (2024) — Aromatic glycosides and lignans glycosides with their acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities from the leaves of Picrasma quassioides. · Fitoterapia
21.PMID: 40225887 (2025) — Decoding the Chloroplast Genome of Bitterwood (Picrasma quassioides): Structure, Variability, and Evolutionary Relationships. · Ecology and evolution
22.PMID: 35472694 (2022) — Canthin-6-one (CO) from Picrasma quassioides (D.Don) Benn. ameliorates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced astrocyte activation and associated brain endothelial disruption. · Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
23.PMID: 30369253 (2020) — (±)-Quassidine K, a pair of cytotoxic bis-β-carboline alkaloid enantiomers from Picrasma quassioides. · Natural product research
24.PMID: 37686036 (2023) — Picrasidine J, a Dimeric β-Carboline-Type Alkaloid from Picrasma quassioides, Inhibits Metastasis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. · International journal of molecular sciences
25.PMID: 31882044 (2019) — A pair of new tirucallane triterpenoid epimers from the stems of Picrasma quassioides. · Chinese journal of natural medicines
26.PMID: 21372418 (2011) — Anti-inflammatory alkaloids from the stems of Picrasma quassioides BENNET. · Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
27.PMID: 38867763 (2024) — Computational exploration of Picrasma quassioides compounds as CviR-mediated quorum sensing inhibitors against Chromobacterium violaceum. · Frontiers in chemistry
28.PMID: 30654128 (2019) — Discovery of potent indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor from alkaloids in Picrasma quassioides by virtual screening and in vitro evaluation. · Fitoterapia
29.PMID: 27494664 (2016) — Cytotoxic Tirucallane and Apotirucallane Triterpenoids from the Stems of Picrasma quassioides. · Journal of natural products
30.PMID: 19586051 (2009) — Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) inhibitors from Picrasma quassioides Benn. · Journal of agricultural and food chemistry