Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa): Benefits, Dosage, Safety & Evidence

Questions fréquentes

How does Mahkota Dewa work to lower blood sugar?

Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) contains bioactive compounds including kaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin that appear to exert antidiabetic effects through multiple mechanisms. Research suggests these flavonoids may enhance insulin sensitivity, inhibit glucose absorption in the intestines, and protect pancreatic beta cells from oxidative damage. The gallic acid content may also contribute to glucose metabolism regulation. Evidence level: C (preliminary animal and in vitro studies). More human clinical trials are needed to fully understand the mechanism.

Does Mahkota Dewa interact with diabetes medications or blood thinners?

Yes, Mahkota Dewa has significant interaction potential. It may enhance the blood sugar-lowering effects of diabetes medications like metformin or insulin, potentially causing hypoglycemia (Evidence level: C). Additionally, Mahkota Dewa may interact with blood thinners such as warfarin, increasing bleeding risk. The herb contains compounds that affect platelet aggregation and glucose metabolism. Patients taking antidiabetic or anticoagulant medications should consult a healthcare provider before using Mahkota Dewa and may require medication adjustments and closer monitoring.

What is the recommended daily dosage for Mahkota Dewa fruit?

The traditional adult dosage for Mahkota Dewa is 2-3 grams of dried fruit slices prepared as a tea, taken once daily. The dried fruit slices are typically steeped in hot water for 10-15 minutes before consumption. Standardized extracts may have different dosing recommendations based on concentration. There is insufficient clinical evidence to establish optimal therapeutic dosing, so this recommendation is based on traditional use (Evidence level: Traditional). Start with lower doses to assess tolerance and consult a qualified practitioner.

Is Mahkota Dewa safe to take during pregnancy or breastfeeding?

Mahkota Dewa is considered unsafe during pregnancy and breastfeeding. The herb contains alkaloids and other bioactive compounds that may stimulate uterine contractions or affect fetal development. Traditional Indonesian medicine specifically contraindicates its use in pregnant women. There is insufficient safety data for breastfeeding, so avoidance is recommended. Women who are pregnant, planning pregnancy, or breastfeeding should not use Mahkota Dewa. Consult a healthcare provider for safe alternatives for managing blood sugar or blood pressure during pregnancy.

What are the health benefits of Mahkota Dewa fruit?

Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) is traditionally used in Indonesian and Javanese medicine for managing diabetes, hypertension, and liver disease. The fruit contains antioxidant compounds including kaempferol, quercetin, and gallic acid that may support metabolic health. Preliminary research suggests potential antidiabetic and antihypertensive properties (Evidence level: C), based primarily on animal and in vitro studies. The herb has a long history of use in Javanese royal medicine. However, robust human clinical trials are limited, and these traditional uses require further scientific validation.

Fiche d'information compilée à partir de PubMed

Cette fiche a été compilée à partir de résumés PubMed (NIH) avec l'assistance d'une IA. Chaque affirmation factuelle est citée par un article PubMed réel (voir la liste des sources). Elle n'a pas encore été révisée par un humain — confirmez auprès d'un professionnel de santé avant utilisation.

Compilé à partir de 30 articles PubMed · modèle : gemma4:31b

Résumé

Phaleria macrocarpa, known as Mahkota Dewa, is a medicinal plant indigenous to Indonesia and Malaysia with reported anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-proliferative activities [PMID:23922460, 37234341].

Contexte

Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl. is a tropical plant geographically distributed around Papua Island, Indonesia, and Malaysia [PMID:37234341, 23922460].

Usages traditionnels

Traditionally used to reduce pain, stomachache, diarrhea, tumor problems, blood glucose, cholesterol, and blood pressure [PMID:37234341].

Composés actifs

Identified compounds include phalerin, gallic acid, icariside C, mangiferin, mahkoside A and B, dodecanoic acid, palmitic acid, des-acetylflavicordin-A, flavicordin-A, flavicordin-D, flavicordin-A glucoside, ethyl stearate, lignans, alkaloids, saponins, and flavonoids such as kaempferol, myricetin, naringin, rutin, and quercetin [PMID:23922460, 16753792, 21747685, 23044367].

Mécanisme d'action

The bioactive extract predimenol suppresses NF-κB and COX-2 to exert anti-inflammatory effects [PMID:35043776]. Other mechanisms include the inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) [PMID:36803524], downregulation of ER-α, Nrf2, and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in breast cancer cells [PMID:36502785], and enhancement of LDL receptor and PCSK9 expression to reduce cholesterol [PMID:21763412].

Preuves cliniques

Preuve BPremenstrual syndrome and primary dysmenorrhea

DLBS1442 (a standardized fruit extract) was evaluated for efficacy and safety in alleviating symptoms [PMID:21760747]

Preuve DCancer (In vitro/In vivo)

Anti-proliferative activity observed against colon and breast cancer cells [PMID:37234341]; chemopreventive effects on colorectal cancer aberrant crypt foci in rats [PMID:27492327].

Preuve DDiabetes (Animal models)

Methanol and n-butanol fractions of fruit extract reduced blood glucose in diabetic rats [PMID:22547320]; leaf ethanol extract affected serum IL-6 and TNF-α levels in diabetic rats [PMID:37876571].

Preuve DHypercholesterolemia (Animal models)

Fruit aqueous extract reduced cholesterol levels in rats [PMID:21763412].

Preuve DMale Reproductive Function (Animal models)

Aqueous fruit extract increased serum testosterone levels, mounting frequency, and the number/thickness of seminiferous tubules in rats [PMID:25050295, 24967068].

Synthèse des preuves

The majority of evidence is derived from in vitro studies and animal models (Level D), with limited clinical data from an open study on menstrual symptoms (Level B) and a single case report on hepatotoxicity.

Sources PubMed

1.PMID: 37234341 (2023) — Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.: An updated review of pharmacological effects, toxicity studies, and separation techniques. · Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society
2.PMID: 34137461 (2021) — Extraction and identification of biologically important proteins from the medicinal plant God's crown (Phaleria macrocarpa). · Journal of food biochemistry
3.PMID: 35043776 (2022) — Anti-inflammatory Effect of Predimenol, A Bioactive Extract from Phaleria macrocarpa, through the Suppression of NF-κB and COX-2. · Recent advances in inflammation & allergy drug discovery
4.PMID: 32041919 (2019) — A Case Report on Cholestatic Jaundice Secondary to Adverse Effect of Phaleria macrocarpa (Mahkota Dewa). · Acta medica Indonesiana
5.PMID: 37264623 (2023)

Mahkota Dewa

Sources et citations

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