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Ces informations sont fournies à titre éducatif uniquement et ne remplacent pas un avis médical professionnel, un diagnostic ou un traitement. Consultez toujours votre professionnel de santé avant d'utiliser des plantes, surtout si vous êtes enceinte, allaitez, prenez des médicaments ou avez une condition médicale.
Nutmeg acts primarily as a carminative due to its volatile oil content, specifically compounds like eugenol and myristicin. These oils help relax smooth muscle tissue in the gastrointestinal tract, reducing spasms and expelling gas to relieve bloating. Myristicin also inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, contributing to mild analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects in the gut (Evidence Level: C/Traditional).
Does nutmeg interact with antidepressants or MAOIs?
Yes, nutmeg poses significant risks for individuals taking MAOI antidepressants. Myristicin possesses weak monoamine oxidase inhibitory activity; combining it with pharmaceutical MAOIs may precipitate a hypertensive crisis or severe serotonin syndrome. Patients on psychiatric medications or other CNS depressants should exercise caution, as nutmeg can potentiate effects or trigger adverse neurological reactions (Evidence Level: C/Theoretical).
What is the safe daily dosage for nutmeg powder?
The safe medicinal dosage for adults is strictly 0.5 to 1 gram of powdered nutmeg daily, consistent with culinary use. Consumers must never exceed 2 grams, as higher amounts cross the threshold from medicinal to toxic. Overdosing can result in acute anticholinergic syndrome, requiring medical intervention (Evidence Level: Traditional).
Is nutmeg safe to use during pregnancy?
No, nutmeg is considered unsafe during pregnancy. It has documented emmenagogue properties, meaning it can stimulate uterine contractions and potentially induce menstruation or miscarriage. Furthermore, the psychoactive compounds can cross the placenta. Pregnant women should avoid medicinal doses entirely and limit intake to trace culinary amounts only (Evidence Level: C/D).
Can eating too much nutmeg cause hallucinations?
Yes, consuming nutmeg in doses exceeding 2 grams can cause hallucinations and a toxic state known as 'nutmeg poisoning.' The active compound myristicin is metabolized into MMDA, a psychoactive substance. Symptoms include tachycardia, nausea, dry mouth, and vivid hallucinations that can last up to 24 hours. Chronic high-dose use may also result in liver damage (Evidence Level: C).
Fiche d'information compilée à partir de PubMed
Cette fiche a été compilée à partir de résumés PubMed (NIH) avec l'assistance d'une IA. Chaque affirmation factuelle est citée par un article PubMed réel (voir la liste des sources). Elle n'a pas encore été révisée par un humain — confirmez auprès d'un professionnel de santé avant utilisation.
Compilé à partir de 29 articles PubMed · modèle : gemma4:31b
Résumé
Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) is an aromatic evergreen tree used globally as a spice and in traditional medicine [PMID:35567294, PMID:33206347].
Contexte
Myristica fragrans Houtt. is an evergreen tree native to the Maluku Islands of Indonesia [PMID:35567294]. It is a commercial source of nutmeg (the seed) and mace (the aril) [PMID:33206347].
Usages traditionnels
Nutmeg is used in Indian traditional medicines to treat various diseases [PMID:35567294] and in folk medicine for diarrhea, mouth sores, and insomnia [PMID:8072304]. In Chinese herbal medicine, it is used for warming the middle, promoting qi, astringent intestines, and as an antidiarrheal [PMID:39708935].
Composés actifs
Primary chemical constituents include myristicin, eugenol, sabinene, caryophyllene, $\beta$-myrcene [PMID:35567294], elemicin, and safrole [PMID:30000898]. Other active compounds include myristic acid, trymiristin, macelignan, meso-dihydroguaiaretic acid, malabaricone C, licarin B, ADDP, and ADTP [PMID:30000898, PMID:33206347, PMID:35275149].
Mécanisme d'action
Certain phenylpropanoids and neolignans (myristicin, ADDP, ADTP) promote the translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) via phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase [PMID:35275149]. Water extracts may pre-protect against gastric ulcers via activation of the Akt/JNK/Nrf2 pathway [PMID:39708935].
Preuves cliniques
Preuve DPost-prandial hyperglycemia
Oral administration of a fraction containing myristicin, ADDP, and ADTP suppressed post-prandial hyperglycemia in mice [PMID:35275149]
Preuve DSecond-degree burns
Nutmeg cream was analyzed for wound healing effects in a Rattus norvegicus animal model [PMID:38798873]
Preuve DSeizures
Nutmeg oil showed significant anticonvulsant activity against electroshock-induced hind limb tonic extension and pentylenetetrazole-induced tonic seizures in animal models [PMID:19067329]
Sécurité et effets indésirables
Nutmeg is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) as a food ingredient [PMID:30000898]. However, high doses (e.g., a spoonful) can cause intoxication characterized by anticholinergic symptoms [PMID:30000898], hallucinations, palpitations, tachycardia, and hyperactive delirium with severe agitation (HDSA) [PMID:1642706, PMID:26219944, PMID:37915877].
Grossesse et allaitement
Nutmeg and mace in amounts higher than those found in foods should be avoided during breastfeeding because anticholinergics may reduce lactation and in vitro studies suggest potential antiprogesterone activity [PMID:30000898].
Synthèse des preuves
The available evidence consists primarily of reviews, case reports of intoxication, and animal/in vitro studies; there are no human clinical trials provided.
Sources PubMed
1.PMID: 35567294 (2022) — Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) essential oil: A review on its composition, biological, and pharmacological activities. · Phytotherapy research : PTR
2.PMID: 30000898 (2006) — Nutmeg liver. · Abdominal radiology (New York)
3.PMID: 38798873 (2024) — Wound healing effect of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) cream on second-degree burn in animal model. · Narra J
Aucune monographie gouvernementale directe n'est disponible pour cette plante. Le contenu ci-dessous est généré par IA et n'a pas été vérifié par rapport à une source gouvernementale faisant autorité. Utilisez les liens de recherche pour consulter les sources officielles avant de vous fier à ces informations.
— The Identification and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) and Its Substituents.
· Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
7.PMID: 33206347 (2020) — Phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Myristica fragrans Houtt.: an updated review. · Archives of pharmacal research
8.PMID: 1642706 (1992) — Acute nutmeg intoxication. · The American journal of emergency medicine
9.PMID: 8072304 (1994) — Ethnobotany of nutmeg in the Spice Islands. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
10.PMID: 16323572 (2005) — Nutmeg intoxication in Texas, 1998-2004. · Human & experimental toxicology
11.PMID: 39708935 (2025) — Myristica fragrans water extract modulates multiple biological processes to pre-protect anhydrous ethanol-induced gastric ulcers via Akt/JNK/Nrf2 pathway activation. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
12.PMID: 36778969 (2022) — Effects of dietary nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) seed meals on growth, non-specific immune indices, antioxidant status, gene expression analysis, and cold stress tolerance in zebrafish (Danio rerio). · Frontiers in nutrition
13.PMID: 19067329 (2009) — Anticonvulsant activities of nutmeg oil of Myristica fragrans. · Phytotherapy research : PTR
14.PMID: 26219944 (2015) — Unintentional nutmeg autointoxication. · The Netherlands journal of medicine
15.PMID: 35275149 (2022) — Phenylpropanoids and neolignans isolated from Myristica fragrans enhance glucose uptake in myotubes. · Food & function