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Zingiber cassumunar
A Thai ginger species used as the primary anti-inflammatory and muscle relaxant herb in Thai massage therapy.
Plai (Zingiber cassumunar) is a Thai ginger species traditionally used in Thai massage for its potent anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and muscle relaxant properties. Its primary active compounds include cassumunarins, phenylbutenoids, zerumbone, and terpenes, which contribute to its therapeutic effects on musculoskeletal conditions such as muscle pain, arthritis, and sprains.
The anti-inflammatory effects of Plai are mediated through inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) pathways, reducing prostaglandin and leukotriene synthesis. Cassumunarins and phenylbutenoids act as dual inhibitors of these enzymes, while zerumbone modulates nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling to suppress pro-inflammatory cytokines. The antispasmodic and muscle relaxant actions are attributed to terpene compounds that interact with GABA-A receptors and calcium channels, reducing neuronal excitability and muscle contraction.
A Thai ginger species used as the primary anti-inflammatory and muscle relaxant herb in Thai massage therapy.
Plai (Zingiber cassumunar) is a Thai ginger species traditionally used in Thai massage for its potent anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and muscle relaxant properties. Its primary active compounds include cassumunarins, phenylbutenoids, zerumbone, and terpenes, which contribute to its therapeutic effects on musculoskeletal conditions such as muscle pain, arthritis, and sprains.
The anti-inflammatory effects of Plai are mediated through inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) pathways, reducing prostaglandin and leukotriene synthesis. Cassumunarins and phenylbutenoids act as dual inhibitors of these enzymes, while zerumbone modulates nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling to suppress pro-inflammatory cytokines. The antispasmodic and muscle relaxant actions are attributed to terpene compounds that interact with GABA-A receptors and calcium channels, reducing neuronal excitability and muscle contraction.