Ce produit n'est pas destiné à diagnostiquer, traiter, guérir ou prévenir toute maladie. Ces déclarations n'ont pas été évaluées par la Food and Drug Administration.
Ces informations sont fournies à titre éducatif uniquement et ne remplacent pas un avis médical professionnel, un diagnostic ou un traitement. Consultez toujours votre professionnel de santé avant d'utiliser des plantes, surtout si vous êtes enceinte, allaitez, prenez des médicaments ou avez une condition médicale.
Sage (Salvia officinalis) improves cognitive function primarily through cholinesterase inhibition, which increases acetylcholine availability in the brain. The active compounds rosmarinic acid, carnosic acid, and ursolic acid contribute to neuroprotective and antioxidant effects. Research (Evidence Level B) demonstrates that sage extracts can enhance memory performance and alertness in healthy adults and may benefit age-related cognitive decline. The essential oils, particularly thujone and camphor, also modulate neurotransmitter systems involved in cognition.
What medications does sage interact with?
Sage may interact with several medication classes. Due to its cholinesterase-inhibiting properties, sage can potentiate effects of anticholinesterase medications used for Alzheimer's disease (Evidence Level C). The thujone content may increase seizure risk when combined with medications that lower seizure threshold. Sage may also interact with sedatives and CNS depressants, enhancing drowsiness. Those on hormone therapies should exercise caution, as sage exhibits mild estrogenic activity. Always consult a healthcare provider before combining sage with prescription medications.
What is the recommended daily dosage for sage?
The standard adult dosage for sage is 300-600mg of dried leaf or standardized extract daily (Evidence Level B). For tea preparation, steep 1-2 teaspoons of dried sage leaves in hot water for 10-15 minutes, consuming 2-3 cups daily. For sore throat relief, a stronger infusion can be used as a gargle several times daily. Dosage should not exceed recommended amounts due to thujone content. Long-term high-dose use should be avoided without medical supervision.
Is sage safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding?
Sage is considered unsafe during pregnancy (Evidence Level D/Traditional). The thujone content can stimulate uterine contractions and potentially cause miscarriage. Sage has traditionally been used as an emmenagogue to stimulate menstrual flow. During breastfeeding, sage should also be avoided as it can reduce milk supply and has been used historically to suppress lactation. Pregnant and nursing women should not consume medicinal amounts of sage, though culinary amounts in food are generally considered acceptable.
Does sage help with menopausal hot flashes?
Clinical studies suggest sage can reduce menopausal hot flashes with moderate evidence (Evidence Level B). A standardized sage extract taken daily has demonstrated significant reduction in hot flash frequency and severity in menopausal women. The herb's mild estrogenic properties and ability to regulate sweating contribute to its effectiveness. Traditional use for excessive sweating supports this application. Women with hormone-sensitive conditions should consult healthcare providers before use, as sage contains compounds with weak estrogenic activity.
Is sage effective for treating sore throat?
Sage has demonstrated effectiveness for sore throat relief (Evidence Level B/Traditional). Its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, attributed to compounds like rosmarinic acid and essential oils, help reduce throat inflammation and fight pathogens. A sage tea gargle or throat spray containing sage extract can provide symptomatic relief. Clinical studies have shown sage preparations to be comparable to chlorhexidine and benzydamine for throat pain. For best results, use as a warm gargle several times daily.
Fiche d'information compilée à partir de PubMed
Cette fiche a été compilée à partir de résumés PubMed (NIH) avec l'assistance d'une IA. Chaque affirmation factuelle est citée par un article PubMed réel (voir la liste des sources). Elle n'a pas encore été révisée par un humain — confirmez auprès d'un professionnel de santé avant utilisation.
Compilé à partir de 29 articles PubMed · modèle : gemma4:31b
Résumé
Salvia officinalis (Sage) is a medicinal herb from the Lamiaceae family known for its diverse pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects [PMID:29034191, 35873824].
Contexte
Salvia officinalis is a plant native to the Mediterranean and Middle East, now naturalized worldwide [PMID:29034191]. It is a popular culinary and medicinal herb [PMID:28930262].
Usages traditionnels
In folk medicine, it has been used to treat disorders such as seizures, ulcers, gout, rheumatism, inflammation, dizziness, tremor, paralysis, diarrhea, and hyperglycemia [PMID:29034191].
Composés actifs
Sage contains tannins (salviatannin), essential oils (including alpha-thujone, beta-thujone, 1,8 cineole, and camphor), flavones, phenolic acids, phenylpropanoid glycosides, triterpenoids, and diterpenes [PMID:30000875]. Specific bioactive components include carnosic acid (a diterpene), alkaloids, and various polyphenols [PMID:36577209, 38852878, 31333123].
Mécanisme d'action
Sage extract may inhibit melanogenesis by suppressing the expression of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) via p38 and JNK MAP-kinase regulators [PMID:40493564]. Carnosic acid from sage may improve alcoholic-induced hepatosteatosis by inhibiting genes related to lipid synthesis and suppressing the formation of NETs via the P2X7R-NLRP3 axis [PMID:36577209]. It also demonstrates effects on gluconeogenesis at the liver level and increases hepatocyte sensitivity to insulin [PMID:16923227].
Preuves cliniques
Preuve DHyperglycemia/Diabetes
Sage tea lowered fasting plasma glucose levels in normal mice and inhibited gluconeogenesis in rat hepatocytes [PMID:16923227]
Preuve DCognitive Function
Chronic supplementation with a mix of S. officinalis and S. lavandulaefolia improved Morris Water Maze learning in normal adult mice [PMID:30000875]
Preuve DUlcerative Colitis
Ethanolic extract (SOEE) and methanolic partition (SOMP) alleviated colitis severity in acetic acid-induced rat models [PMID:36034079]
Preuve DHepatotoxicity
Ethanolic S. officinalis extract provided protection against cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity in rats by attenuating oxidative damage and inflammation [PMID:38852878]
Preuve DMalaria
Methanol extract of S. officinalis leaf showed in vivo antiplasmodial activities in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice [PMID:39981010]
Preuve DCardiotoxicity
Sécurité et effets indésirables
Generally well tolerated, though occasional nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and dizziness are reported [PMID:30000875]. Case reports indicate potential for angioedema in individuals with Lamiaceae allergy [PMID:29512375]. Certain terpenes may act as sensitizers in cosmetic applications [PMID:41761900].
Grossesse et allaitement
Sage and S. fruticosa are purportedly used to reduce lactation to aid weaning or overabundant milk supply, but no scientific studies evaluate this effect, and no safety data exist for nursing mothers or infants [PMID:30000875].
Synthèse des preuves
The majority of evidence is derived from in vitro studies and animal models (Level D), with some supporting reviews (Level C). There is a lack of human clinical trial data in the provided set.
Sources PubMed
1.PMID: 29034191 (2017) — Pharmacological properties of Salvia officinalis and its components. · Journal of traditional and complementary medicine
2.PMID: 30000875 (2006) — Chronic Supplementation with a Mix of Salvia officinalis and Salvia lavandulaefolia Improves Morris Water Maze Learning in Normal Adult C57Bl/6J Mice. · Nutrients
3.PMID: 36577209 (2023) — Carnosic acid suppressed the formation of NETs in alcoholic hepatosteatosis based on P2X7R-NLRP3 axis. · Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
4.PMID: 30845696 (2019) — Bioactive Profile of Various Salvia officinalis L. Preparations. · Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
5.PMID: 35873824 (2022) — Neuroprotective Potential of Aromatic Herbs: Rosemary, Sage, and Lavender.
Sage alleviated trazodone-induced cardiotoxicity in rats via modulation of autophagy and oxidative stress [PMID:38472741]
Preuve CAlzheimer's Disease
Chemical compounds from S. officinalis essential oil are identified as having therapeutic potential for Alzheimer's disease [PMID:33390133]
· Frontiers in neuroscience
6.PMID: 29512375 (2018) — Angioedema Due to Lamiaceae Allergy. · Iranian journal of allergy, asthma, and immunology
7.PMID: 38852878 (2024) — Mitigation of cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity by Salvia officinalis: Attenuation of oxidative damage and inflammation in rats. · Free radical biology & medicine
8.PMID: 27181395 (2016) — Detection of the Previously Unobserved Stereoisomers of Thujone in the Essential Oil and Consumable Products of Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) Using Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. · Journal of agricultural and food chemistry
9.PMID: 35161330 (2022) — Hydrosols from Rosmarinus officinalis, Salvia officinalis, and Cupressus sempervirens: Phytochemical Analysis and Bioactivity Evaluation. · Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
10.PMID: 41761900 (2026) — Safety Assessment of Salvia officinalis (Sage)-Derived Ingredients as Used in Cosmetics. · International journal of toxicology
11.PMID: 28930262 (2017) — The Chemotaxonomy of Common Sage (Salvia officinalis) Based on the Volatile Constituents. · Medicines (Basel, Switzerland)
12.PMID: 40493564 (2025) — Sage extract and ascorbic acid derivative inhibit melanogenesis via downregulating keratinocyte-derived GM-CSF. · PloS one
13.PMID: 36034079 (2022) — Salvia officinalis leaf extracts protect against acute colitis in rats. · Research in pharmaceutical sciences
14.PMID: 35405032 (2023) — Effect of sage (Salvia officinalis L.) extract in antioxidant status and intestinal morphology of pulmonary hypertensive chickens. · Veterinary medicine and science
15.PMID: 16923227 (2006) — Metformin-like effect of Salvia officinalis (common sage): is it useful in diabetes prevention? · The British journal of nutrition
16.PMID: 38535975 (2024) — Characterization of Odorants in a Commercial Culinary Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) and Several Cultivars. · Journal of agricultural and food chemistry
17.PMID: 19735192 (2009) — Bioactivity of herb-enriched beef patties. · Journal of medicinal food
18.PMID: 33390133 (2021) — Therapeutic Properties of Several Chemical Compounds of Salvia officinalis L. in Alzheimer's Disease. · Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry
19.PMID: 31333123 (2019) — Current Advances on the Extraction and Identification of Bioactive Components of Sage (Salvia spp.). · Current pharmaceutical biotechnology
20.PMID: 36738511 (2023) — Monoterpene synthases of three closely related sage species (Salvia officinalis, S. fruticosa and S. pomifera, Lamiaceae). · Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB
21.PMID: 34200814 (2021) — Facile Synthesis of Bio-Antimicrobials with "Smart" Triiodides. · Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
22.PMID: 32523881 (2020) — Effects of Salvia officinalis L. (common sage) leaves tea on insulin resistance, lipid profile, and oxidative stress in rats with polycystic ovary: An experimental study. · Avicenna journal of phytomedicine
23.PMID: 39981010 (2024) — In vivo Antimalarial and Liver Function Profiles of Methanol Extract of Salvia officinalis (Common Sage) Leaf in Plasmodium berghei-Infected Mice. · Ethiopian journal of health sciences
24.PMID: 38012472 (2024) — Effects of sage (Salvia officinalis) essential oil on growth, health and antioxidant capacity of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). · Veterinary research communications
25.PMID: 38472741 (2024) — Sage (Salvia officinalis) alleviates trazadone induced rat cardiotoxicity mediated via modulation of autophagy and oxidative stress. · Anatomy & cell biology