Solanum indicum (Solanum indicum): Benefits, Dosage, Safety & Evidence

Questions fréquentes

How does Solanum indicum work for respiratory conditions?

Solanum indicum contains steroidal alkaloids including solasodine and solanine, which exhibit anti-inflammatory and bronchodilatory properties. These compounds may help relax bronchial smooth muscle and reduce airway inflammation, explaining its traditional use for asthma and cough. The herb also contains diosgenin, a steroidal compound with documented anti-inflammatory effects. Preclinical studies suggest immunomodulatory activity, though human clinical trials are limited. Evidence level: C (preclinical data).

Is Solanum indicum safe during pregnancy?

No, Solanum indicum is contraindicated during pregnancy. The herb contains steroidal alkaloids, including solanine, which may have uterine-stimulating effects and potential teratogenic properties. Traditional Ayurvedic texts explicitly advise against use in pregnancy. Women who are pregnant, planning pregnancy, or breastfeeding should avoid this herb entirely. Evidence level: C (traditional contraindication with pharmacological plausibility).

What is the recommended dosage of Solanum indicum?

The traditional Ayurvedic dosage for adults is 3-9 grams of dried root or 1-3 grams of powdered root daily, typically divided into 2-3 doses. Solanum indicum is most commonly used as part of the Dashamoola formulation rather than as a standalone herb. Proper processing is essential to reduce solanine content. Consult a qualified practitioner for personalized dosing. Evidence level: Traditional.

Does Solanum indicum interact with any medications?

Limited clinical data exists on specific drug interactions. However, Solanum indicum contains alkaloids that may affect liver enzyme activity, potentially altering metabolism of certain medications. Caution is advised when combining with anticoagulants, antiplatelet drugs, or hepatotoxic medications. The herb may also potentiate effects of bronchodilators or anti-inflammatory drugs. Always consult a healthcare provider before combining with prescription medications. Evidence level: C (theoretical based on constituent properties).

What are the side effects of Solanum indicum?

Common side effects include gastrointestinal irritation, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, particularly with improper preparation. The solanine content can cause toxicity symptoms including headache, dizziness, abdominal pain, and in severe cases, neurological effects. Improperly processed or excessive doses increase toxicity risk. Individuals with solanine sensitivity should avoid this herb. Children are particularly susceptible to solanine toxicity and should not use this herb. Evidence level: C.

What is Solanum indicum used for in Ayurvedic medicine?

Solanum indicum is a key component of Dashamoola, a traditional Ayurvedic formulation used primarily for respiratory and inflammatory conditions. It is indicated for asthma, chronic cough, fever, rheumatism, and digestive disorders. The root is the primary medicinal part, valued for its anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and bronchodilatory properties. Modern preclinical research supports anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities, though human trials remain limited. Evidence level: C.

Fiche d'information compilée à partir de PubMed

Cette fiche a été compilée à partir de résumés PubMed (NIH) avec l'assistance d'une IA. Chaque affirmation factuelle est citée par un article PubMed réel (voir la liste des sources). Elle n'a pas encore été révisée par un humain — confirmez auprès d'un professionnel de santé avant utilisation.

Compilé à partir de 30 articles PubMed · modèle : gemma4:31b

Résumé

Solanum indicum is a plant distributed across India and tropical/subtropical regions, used traditionally for treating inflammation, respiratory issues, and cardiovascular disorders [PMID:36826003, 18363121, 39127114].

Contexte

Solanum indicum (also known as African eggplant or Gnagnan) is a species of the Solanaceae family distributed globally in tropical and subtropical regions [PMID:36826003, 20953157]. It is utilized in various traditional medicine systems, including Ayurvedic formulations like Laghupanchamula and Mahamrutyunjaya Rasa [PMID:25364205, 28757226].

Usages traditionnels

Traditional uses include the treatment of cough, asthma, rhinitis [PMID:36826003], inflammation, toothache, ascites, edema, and wound infection [PMID:18363121], as well as use as a cardiotonic for hypertension [PMID:39127114]. In Chinese folk medicine, it has been used for breast cancer [PMID:31586607].

Composés actifs

Identified compounds include steroidal saponins (indioside A, F, dioscin, protodioscin) [PMID:19571425, 1768063, 8450317], coumarins and coumarinolignoids (indicumines A-D, indicumin E) [PMID:22975162, 24152107], flavonoids (quercetin, apigenin-7-glucoside) [PMID:39127114, 30042551], phenolic acids (caftaric acid, ellagic acid) [PMID:30042551], and alkaloids such as solanine and solasodine [PMID:18363121, 20188963].

Mécanisme d'action

Quercetin isolated from S. indicum fruit extract demonstrates anticoagulant activity through interaction with thrombin [PMID:39127114]. Certain coumarinolignoid alkaloids (indicumines A-B) inhibit the secretion of HBsAg in HepG2.2.15 cells [PMID:22975162].

Preuves cliniques

Preuve DHypertension

Ethanolic fruit extract (standardized to >0.15% chlorogenic acids) prevented the development of L-NAME-induced hypertension in rats [PMID:19049674]

Preuve DInflammation

Ethanolic extracts of roots and fruits showed significant anti-inflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced edema in rats [PMID:22556885]

Preuve DDiabetes

Methanolic fruit extract was evaluated for antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-hyperlipidaemic activity in STZ-induced diabetic rats [PMID:36826003]

Preuve DCancer (In Vitro)

Fractions and purified constituents (dioscin, protodioscin) showed cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines, including colon, nasopharynx, and glioma cells [PMID:1768063]

Sécurité et effets indésirables

Excessive doses of concentrated Solanum indicum L. solution may cause central diabetes insipidus, characterized by polyuria and polydipsia [PMID:18363121]. Long-term oral administration of standardized fruit extract (1g/kg for 6 months) in rats showed a 20% increase in liver-to-body weight ratio, though no histopathological changes were noted [PMID:21184797].

Synthèse des preuves

The current evidence is primarily based on preclinical animal models (rats/mice) and in vitro studies (cell lines), providing low-level evidence (Level D) for its therapeutic claims.

Sources PubMed

1.PMID: 25364205 (2014) — Analgesic and hypnotic activities of Laghupanchamula: A preclinical study. · Ayu
2.PMID: 28757226 (2017) — Preparation and physicochemical characterization of ingredients of Indian traditional medicine, Mahamrutyunjaya Rasa. · Journal of Ayurveda and integrative medicine
3.PMID: 26834423 (2015) — Wound healing and antimicrobial activity of two classical formulations of Laghupanchamula in rats. · Journal of Ayurveda and integrative medicine
4.PMID: 23741158 (2013) — Anti-inflammatory activity of two classical formulations of Laghupanchamula in rats. · Journal of Ayurveda and integrative medicine
5.PMID: 36826003 (2023) — Evaluation of Antidiabetic, Antioxidant and Anti-Hyperlipidemic Effects of Solanum indicum Fruit Extract in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.

Solanum indicum

Sources et citations

Calculer une dose sûre de Solanum indicum