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Solanum Torvum Herb
Solanum torvum
traitement du diabète en médecine traditionnelle thaïlandaise
Solanum torvum exerts antidiabetic effects primarily through its steroidal alkaloids and flavonoids. Research suggests these compounds may inhibit carbohydrate-digesting enzymes like alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase, which slows glucose absorption in the intestines. Additionally, animal studies indicate potential improvements in insulin sensitivity and pancreatic beta-cell protection. However, current evidence is limited to preclinical studies (Level C), and human clinical trials are needed to confirm these mechanisms definitively.
Does Solanum torvum interact with diabetes medications?
Yes, there is a potential interaction. Because Solanum torvum demonstrates blood glucose-lowering properties in animal studies (Level C evidence), taking it alongside conventional antidiabetic drugs like metformin or insulin could theoretically cause additive effects. This combination may increase the risk of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). Patients managing diabetes with medication should consult a healthcare provider before adding this herb to their regimen to ensure proper monitoring of blood glucose levels.
What is the recommended dosage for Solanum torvum?
The typical adult dosage for Solanum torvum is 2 to 4 grams of the dried fruit daily. This is commonly prepared as a tea or incorporated fresh into culinary dishes. In Thai folk medicine, the fresh fruit is often cooked in curries. Due to the presence of solanine, it is important to adhere to recommended amounts and avoid excessive consumption, as higher doses may lead to gastrointestinal irritation.
Is Solanum torvum safe during pregnancy?
No, Solanum torvum is considered unsafe during pregnancy. The herb contains steroidal alkaloids, specifically solanine, which have been associated with potential teratogenic effects and uterine stimulation. Traditional use and safety classifications contraindicate its use for pregnant women. Additionally, those with a known sensitivity to solanine or other plants in the Solanaceae family (such as tomatoes or eggplants) should avoid this herb to prevent adverse reactions.
Can Solanum torvum help treat anemia?
In Caribbean folk medicine, Solanum torvum is traditionally used as a hematonic to treat anemia. While this use is rooted in traditional practice, scientific validation is currently limited to preclinical research (Level C). Some animal studies suggest potential benefits on blood parameters, but robust human clinical trials are lacking. Therefore, it should not replace standard medical treatments for anemia, such as iron supplementation, without professional medical guidance.
Fiche d'information compilée à partir de PubMed
Cette fiche a été compilée à partir de résumés PubMed (NIH) avec l'assistance d'une IA. Chaque affirmation factuelle est citée par un article PubMed réel (voir la liste des sources). Elle n'a pas encore été révisée par un humain — confirmez auprès d'un professionnel de santé avant utilisation.
Compilé à partir de 30 articles PubMed · modèle : gemma4:31b
Résumé
Solanum torvum, also known as turkey berry or pea eggplant, is a medicinal plant used globally for treating conditions such as diabetes and hypertension [PMID:36386935, PMID:19683046].
Contexte
Solanum torvum Swartz is a member of the Solanaceae family and a wild relative of the eggplant [PMID:36386935, PMID:38542951]. It is widely distributed worldwide and is frequently used as a rootstock for grafting due to its high resistance to soil-borne diseases, including root-knot nematodes and bacterial/fungal wilts [PMID:38671394, PMID:23937585, PMID:34337422].
Usages traditionnels
In traditional medicine systems, including those in Malaysia and Cameroon, it is used to treat diabetes, hypertension, tooth decay, and reproductive problems [PMID:36386935, PMID:19683046]. In traditional Chinese medicine, it is believed to have sedative and anti-inflammatory effects, and in the Philippines, a water decoction is used for hyperactivity disorder [PMID:38542951]. It is also used to clear heat toxins, promote blood circulation, and alleviate blood stasis for the treatment of common cold, chronic gastritis, and tumors [PMID:39117020].
Composés actifs
The plant contains steroidal saponins (including torvosides U-Z), sesquiterpenes, polyphenols, flavonoids, esters of hydroxycinnamic acid, chlorogenic acid isomers, and solasodine [PMID:38542951, PMID:26824767, PMID:36518265, PMID:35105269, PMID:37314657]. It also contains minerals such as Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Ca, Mg, Na, and K [PMID:35340440].
Mécanisme d'action
Solanum torvum may induce ferroptosis by reducing glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) expression to suppress hepatocellular carcinoma [PMID:39117020]. It has demonstrated the ability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) [PMID:37811479]. Additionally, it may inhibit the TRPV1 receptor, IL-6, and TNF-α to reduce neuropathic pain [PMID:37314657].
Preuves cliniques
Preuve DHepatocellular Carcinoma
Ethanol extract inhibited the growth of various hepatoma cell lines by inducing ferroptosis [PMID:39117020]
Preuve DHypertension
Ethanolic extract reduced systolic blood pressure and reversed metabolic alterations in fructose-induced hypertensive rats [PMID:19683046]
Preuve DDiabetes
Fruit extract showed hypoglycemic, antilipidemic, and hepatoprotective activities in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats [PMID:36386935]
Preuve DNeuropathic Pain
Ethanolic fruit extract and solasodine significantly reduced behavioral and biochemical changes in a rat model of chronic constriction injury [PMID:37314657]
Preuve DNephrotoxicity
Decreased levels of creatinine and BUN and increased antioxidant defense enzymes in doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxic rats [PMID:19883716]
Preuve DLiver Injury
Phenolic fraction of leaf aqueous extract showed protective effects against acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice [PMID:35105269]
Sécurité et effets indésirables
Ingestion of berries (susumber berries) can cause acute toxicity mimicking a stroke, characterized by dysarthria (94%), unstable gait (94%), blurry vision (59%), nystagmus/gaze deviation (47%), and autonomic symptoms (29%) [PMID:36282075, PMID:26577583]. In ruminants, it is associated with enzootic calcinosis, a chronic disease involving soft tissue calcification and hypercalcemia [PMID:32798504].
Synthèse des preuves
The majority of evidence is derived from in vitro studies and animal models (Level D), with one pilot clinical trial (Level B) regarding nutritional fortification. Safety data is based on case reports of acute poisoning.
Sources PubMed
1.PMID: 32798504 (2020) — Enzootic calcinosis in ruminants: A review. · Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology
2.PMID: 36386935 (2022) — Antidiabetic activity of Solanum torvum fruit extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. · Frontiers in nutrition
3.PMID: 38671394 (2024) — Solanum aculeatissimum and Solanum torvum chloroplast genome sequences: a comparative analysis with other Solanum chloroplast genomes. · BMC genomics
4.PMID: 36518265 (2022) — Pea eggplant (Solanum torvum Swartz) is a source of plant food polyphenols with SARS-CoV inhibiting potential. · PeerJ
5.PMID: 39117020 (2024) — Solanum torvum induces ferroptosis to suppress hepatocellular carcinoma. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
Sources gouvernementales
Aucune monographie gouvernementale directe n'est disponible pour cette plante. Le contenu ci-dessous est généré par IA et n'a pas été vérifié par rapport à une source gouvernementale faisant autorité. Utilisez les liens de recherche pour consulter les sources officielles avant de vous fier à ces informations.
Certain steroidal saponins from fruits exhibited anti-epileptic activity in a zebrafish model [PMID:38542951]
Preuve BAnemia and Cognition
A pilot study assessed the impact of fortified biscuits on adolescent females, though specific results were not detailed in the abstract [PMID:37901683]
7.PMID: 30791263 (2005) — Verticillium Wilt Incited by Verticillium dahliae in Eggplant Grafted on Solanum torvum in Italy. · Plant disease
8.PMID: 23937585 (2013) — Solanum torvum responses to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. · BMC genomics
9.PMID: 24885385 (2014) — Comparative transcriptome analysis of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and turkey berry (Solanum torvum Sw.): phylogenomics and disease resistance analysis. · BMC genomics
10.PMID: 38542951 (2024) — Steroidal Saponins from Water Eggplant (Fruits of Solanum torvum) Exhibit Anti-Epileptic Activity against Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizure Model in Zebrafish. · Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
11.PMID: 26824767 (2016) — Nine sesquiterpenes from Solanum torvum. · Natural product research
12.PMID: 38346615 (2024) — StoMYB41 positively regulates the Solanum torvum response to Verticillium dahliae in an ABA dependent manner. · International journal of biological macromolecules
13.PMID: 22809437 (2012) — Comparative physiological responses of Solanum nigrum and Solanum torvum to cadmium stress. · The New phytologist
14.PMID: 37901683 (2023) — The Effect of a Turkey Berry (Solanum torvum)-Fortified Biscuit on the Hemoglobin Level and Cognitive Performance of Adolescent Females in the Ahafo Region of Ghana: A Pilot Study. · International journal of food science
15.PMID: 37583290 (2024) — Pharmacoinformatics-based identification of phytochemicals from Solanum torvum Swartz. fruits as potential inhibitors for MAPK14 protein. · Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics
16.PMID: 37528971 (2023) — The chromosome-scale reference genome and transcriptome analysis of Solanum torvum provides insights into resistance to root-knot nematodes. · Frontiers in plant science
17.PMID: 35340440 (2022) — Effect of Boiling on the Nutrient Composition of Solanum Torvum. · International journal of food science
18.PMID: 35105269 (2023) — Protective effects of a chemically characterized extract from solanum torvum leaves on acetaminophen-induced liver injury. · Drug and chemical toxicology
19.PMID: 19883716 (2010) — Protective effect of Solanum torvum on doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. · Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
20.PMID: 33924485 (2021) — Transcriptome Analysis of Eggplant Root in Response to Root-Knot Nematode Infection. · Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
21.PMID: 37314657 (2023) — Solasodine Containing Solanum torvum L. Fruit Extract Prevents Chronic Constriction Injury-Induced Neuropathic Pain in Rats: In Silico and In Vivo Evidence of TRPV1 Receptor and Cytokine Inhibition. · Molecular neurobiology
22.PMID: 39056315 (2026) — Sensory evaluation and chemical composition of Solanum nigrum and Solanum torvum herbal tea and spice. · Food science and technology international = Ciencia y tecnologia de los alimentos internacional
23.PMID: 19683046 (2009) — Effect of Solanum torvum on blood pressure and metabolic alterations in fructose hypertensive rats. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
24.PMID: 34337422 (2021) — Degree of resistance of Solanum torvum cultivars to Mi-1.2-virulent and avirulent isolates of Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica, and Meloidogyne luci. · Journal of nematology
25.PMID: 30594791 (2019) — Eggplant fruits protect against DNA damage and mutations. · Mutation research
26.PMID: 37811479 (2023) — In vitro and in silico analysis of Solanum torvum fruit and methyl caffeate interaction with cholinesterases. · Saudi journal of biological sciences
27.PMID: 40392396 (2025) — Genome-wide analysis of AP2/ERF gene family and functional characterization of StoERF109 in Solanum torvum response to Verticillium dahliae infection. · Planta
28.PMID: 26577583 (2016) — Electromyographic and laboratory findings in acute Solanum torvum poisoning. · Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)
29.PMID: 24232265 (1988) — Interspecific somatic hybrid plants between eggplant (Solanum melongena) and Solanum torvum. · TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik
30.PMID: 24853578 (2014) — Comparison between Solanum torvum Sw. and S. melongena L. after Ralstonia solanacearum inoculation. · Plant biology (Stuttgart, Germany)