PubMed-compiled information sheet
This sheet was compiled from PubMed (NIH) abstracts using AI assistance. Every factual claim is cited to a real PubMed article (see the source list). It has not yet been human-reviewed — confirm with a healthcare provider before use.
Compiled from 30 PubMed articles · model: gemma4:31b
Summary
Background
Traditional uses
Active compounds
Mechanism of action
Clinical evidence
Alnustone reduced serum triacylglycerol, reversed liver steatosis, alleviated insulin resistance, and ameliorated fibrosis in mice [PMID: 40470949]
Ethanol extracts showed hypoglycemic effects in db/db mice; isolated diarylheptanoid-chalcone hybrids inhibited α-glucosidase and PTP1B [PMID: 33545534]
Alpinetin induced mitochondria-associated apoptosis and tumor regression in breast cancer cells [PMID: 32562470]; cardamonin showed anti-myeloma effects [PMID: 26051719]; ethanol extracts induced autophagy-related apoptosis in various cancer cells [PMID: 35730618]
Alpinetin inhibited histopathologic changes, reduced BUN and creatinine levels, and suppressed TLR4 expression and NF-κB activation in mice [PMID: 26321118]
Volatile oil (AKHO) reduced diarrhea scores and intestinal damage in mice by regulating gut microbiota and modulating the mPGES-1/PGE2/EP4 pathways [PMID: 37800952]
Safety & adverse effects
Evidence summary
PubMed sources
- 1.PMID: 40470949 (2025) — Alnustone Ameliorates Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease by Facilitating Mitochondrial Fatty Acid β-Oxidation via Targeting Calmodulin. · Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
- 2.PMID: 35149263 (2022) — New diarylheptanoid dimers as GLP-1 secretagogues and multiple-enzyme inhibitors from Alpinia katsumadai. · Bioorganic chemistry
- 3.PMID: 41696736 (2026) — Alpinia katsumadai seed from a condiment to ethnomedicine to nutraceutical, a comprehensive review of its chemistry and health benefits. · Journal of traditional and complementary medicine
- 4.PMID: 38284732 (2024) — Alnustone: A Review of its Sources, Pharmacology, and Pharmacokinetics. · Current molecular pharmacology
- 5.PMID: 22816310