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This sheet was compiled from PubMed (NIH) abstracts using AI assistance. Every factual claim is cited to a real PubMed article (see the source list). It has not yet been human-reviewed — confirm with a healthcare provider before use.
Compiled from 30 PubMed articles · model: gemma4:31b
Summary
Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang (BZYQT) is a classical traditional Chinese medicine formula used for over 700 years to treat spleen-qi deficiency and related gastrointestinal and respiratory disorders [PMID:37178982, PMID:36304166].
Background
BZYQT is a traditional herbal formulation prevalent in China, Japan, and South Korea [PMID:30981193]. It is composed of ten medicinal plants, including Radix Ginseng (Rensan), Radix Angelicae gigantis (Danggui), Rhizoma Cimicifugae (Shengma), and Radix Bupleuri (Chaihu) [PMID:12067087, PMID:26239548].
Traditional uses
It has been traditionally used to treat severe weakness caused by general fatigue, loss of appetite, or indigestion [PMID:28951846], as well as spleen-qi descending, visceroptosis with hyposplenic qi, uterine prolapse, and rectal prolapse due to chronic diarrhea [PMID:24333365].
Active compounds
Identified bioactive components include astragaloside IV, calycosin, glycyrrhizic acid, enoxolone, saikosaponin D, ferulic acid, and hesperiden [PMID:28113140]. Other major compounds include ginsenoside Rb1 and Rg1, saikosaponin a and c, and glycyrrhizin [PMID:11554610].
Mechanism of action
BZYQT exhibits immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects [PMID:30608425]. It has been shown to upregulate TLR4 surface expression in THP-1 cells, potentially enhancing defenses against Gram-negative bacteria [PMID:12040884]. In muscle atrophy models, it modulates atrogenes (atrogin-1 and MuRF1) and AMPK [PMID:36578084]. It also targets monocyte-associated genes in sepsis therapy [PMID:40946819] and induces apoptosis via G0/G1 arrest in hepatoma cell lines [PMID:11554610].
Clinical evidence
Evidence BCancer-related fatigue
Statistically significant improvements in fatigue levels assessed by VAS-F, FACT-G, FACT-F, and TOI-F [PMID:21059621]
Evidence BPerennial allergic rhinitis
Significant improvement in nasal symptomatic scores compared to a control group [PMID:17980528]
Evidence BPersistent Allergic Rhinitis
High-dose group showed statistically significant improvement in Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS) compared to placebo [PMID:38786427]
Evidence ACancer (General)
Promising in alleviating cancer-related symptoms and enhancing anti-cancer effects when combined with conventional treatments [PMID:39300400]
Evidence BIdiopathic male infertility
Administration significantly elevated seminal plasma sFas levels, which correlated with sperm concentration [PMID:14660164]
Safety & adverse effects
High doses may have cytotoxic effects attributed to saponins or detergent-like compounds [PMID:26239548].
Drug interactions
BZYQT is one of the most commonly prescribed formulations for cancer patients concurrently with anticancer chemotherapy drugs, though comprehensive evidence for risks and benefits is rare [PMID:29703390]. In rats, it was studied for effects on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes and plasma concentrations of tolbutamide [PMID:22564357].
Evidence summary
Evidence ranges from animal models and in vitro studies (D) to randomized clinical trials (B) and scoping reviews (A), showing strong potential for immunomodulation and symptom relief in fatigue and allergic conditions, though more high-level clinical data is needed for many indications.
PubMed sources
1.PMID: 34421064 (2021) — The positive role of traditional Chinese medicine as an adjunctive therapy for cancer. · Bioscience trends
2.PMID: 40946819 (2026) — Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang targets key monocyte-associated genes to enhance sepsis therapy. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
3.PMID: 28951846 (2017) — Effects of Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang for the treatment of functional dyspepsia: a feasibility study protocol. · Integrative medicine research
4.PMID: 37178982 (2023) — A screening strategy for bioactive components of Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang regulating spleen-qi deficiency based on "endobiotics-targets-xenobiotics" association network. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
No direct government monograph is available for this herb. The content below is AI-generated and has not been verified against an authoritative government source. Use the search links to check official sources before relying on this information.
— The radioprotective effects of bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang: a prescription of traditional Chinese medicine.
· The American journal of Chinese medicine
6.PMID: 36304166 (2022) — Integrating network pharmacology and experimental verification to decipher the immunomodulatory effect of Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang against poly (I:C)-induced pulmonary inflammation. · Frontiers in pharmacology
7.PMID: 39121536 (2024) — Quantitative ternary network-oriented discovery of Q-markers from traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions: Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang as a case study. · Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
8.PMID: 30195569 (2019) — Mucosal immunomodulatory evaluation and chemical profile elucidation of a classical traditional Chinese formula, Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
9.PMID: 39300400 (2024) — Therapeutic and immunomodulatory effects of Bojungikki-tang on cancer: a scoping review. · BMC cancer
10.PMID: 17980528 (2008) — Antiinflammatory effects of Bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang in patients with perennial allergic rhinitis. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
11.PMID: 30608425 (2019) — The herbal drug, Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang, for the treatment of atopic dermatitis: Protocol for a systematic review. · Medicine
12.PMID: 29703390 (2018) — Concurrent administration of anticancer chemotherapy drug and herbal medicine on the perspective of pharmacokinetics. · Journal of food and drug analysis
13.PMID: 24333365 (2014) — Analysis of the restorative effect of Bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang in the spleen-qi deficiency rat model using (1)H-NMR-based metabonomics. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
14.PMID: 26035827 (2015) — Immune-modulatory effects of bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang in ovalbumin-induced murine model of allergic asthma. · PloS one
15.PMID: 30981193 (2019) — In vivo metabolic profiles of Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang, a famous traditional Chinese medicine prescription, in rats by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. · Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
16.PMID: 37507975 (2023) — A Narrative Review of the Herbal Preparation of Ayurvedic, Traditional Chinese, and Kampō Medicines Applied as Radioprotectors. · Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
17.PMID: 26239548 (2015) — Hochu‑ekki‑to (Bu‑zhong‑yi‑qi‑tang), a herbal medicine, enhances cisplatin‑induced apoptosis in HeLa cells. · Molecular medicine reports
18.PMID: 19360916 (2009) — Effect of Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang on deficiency of N-glycan/nitric oxide and islet damage induced by streptozotocin in diabetic rats. · World journal of gastroenterology
19.PMID: 28113140 (2017) — Simultaneous determination of multiple bioactive components of Bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang in rat tissues by LC-MS/MS: Application to a tissue distribution study. · Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences
20.PMID: 22564357 (2012) — Effects of Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes and plasma tolbutamide concentration in rats. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
21.PMID: 36578084 (2022) — Kampo formula hochu-ekki-to (Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang, TJ-41) ameliorates muscle atrophy by modulating atrogenes and AMPK in vivo and in vitro. · BMC complementary medicine and therapies
22.PMID: 14660164 (2004) — Effect of Bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang on seminal plasma cytokine levels in patients with idiopathic male infertility. · Archives of andrology
23.PMID: 10794119 (2000) — Anti-aging effects of the traditional Chinese medicine bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang in mice. · The American journal of Chinese medicine
24.PMID: 11554610 (2001) — The Chinese medicine Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang inhibited proliferation of hepatoma cell lines by inducing apoptosis via G0/G1 arrest. · Life sciences
25.PMID: 21059621 (2010) — Bojungikki-tang for cancer-related fatigue: a pilot randomized clinical trial. · Integrative cancer therapies
26.PMID: 38786427 (2024) — Efficacy and Safety of Bojungikgi-Tang for Persistent Allergic Rhinitis: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Phase II Trial. · Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
27.PMID: 25518333 (2014) — [1H NMR based metabolomics study of bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang in the spleen-qi deficiency rat model]. · Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica
28.PMID: 12040884 (2002) — Surface expression of toll-like receptor 4 on THP-1 cells is modulated by Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang and Shi-Quan-Da-Bu-Tang. · Methods and findings in experimental and clinical pharmacology