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This sheet was compiled from PubMed (NIH) abstracts using AI assistance. Every factual claim is cited to a real PubMed article (see the source list). It has not yet been human-reviewed — confirm with a healthcare provider before use.
Compiled from 30 PubMed articles · model: gemma4:31b
Summary
Caragana sinica is a medicinal plant used in traditional medicine for treating inflammation, arthritis, and hypertension [PMID:19422901, 36687056]. It contains bioactive oligostilbenes and polysaccharides with diverse pharmacological activities [PMID:38081398, 22209460].
Background
Caragana sinica (Buc'hoz) Rehder, also known as Jin Quegen, is a member of the Fabaceae family native to arid and semi-arid temperate zones of Asia and Eastern Europe [PMID:19422901]. It is grown in Yunnan, China, for both medicinal and edible purposes [PMID:38081398].
Traditional uses
In traditional Chinese, Mongolian, and Tibetan medicines, it is used to 'nourish yin, invigorate the spleen, temper the blood and promote blood flow' [PMID:19422901]. Specific folk uses include treating deficiency colds, fatigue, fever, cough, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, and neuralgia [PMID:38081398, 36687056, 37017451]. It is also used in Miao medicine to improve ovarian function and follicular development [PMID:34707679].
Active compounds
Major constituents include oligostilbenes such as α-viniferin, kobophenol A, miyabenol C, pallidol, and carasinol B [PMID:37209608, 16755062, 7700990]. Other identified compounds include caragasinins A-E, carastilphenols A-E, hyperin, and various polysaccharides [PMID:36933336, 38081398, 34707679, 28347167].
Mechanism of action
Mechanisms include inhibition of xanthine oxidase to reduce uric acid [PMID:37209608, 42167660], inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) [PMID: 7700990, 7863783], and regulation of NF-κB, MAPK, and TLR4 signaling pathways to reduce inflammation [PMID:33456343, 34249260, 30023311]. α-viniferin specifically accelerates PKA inactivation to inhibit melanin production [PMID:29556371] and blocks the VEGFR-2/p70S6K pathway to suppress angiogenesis [PMID:32400050].
Clinical evidence
Evidence BFacial Hyperpigmentation
Topical application of C. sinica containing α-viniferin decreased the melanin index on facial melasma and freckles in patients [PMID:29556371]
Evidence DHyperuricemia and Renal Injury
α-viniferin and caraphenol A reduced serum uric acid levels and alleviated kidney injury in mouse models [PMID:37209608, 42167660]
Evidence DOsteoarthritis
Root extracts showed protective effects on rat chondrocytes and in a monosodium iodoacetate-induced OA model by inhibiting MAPKs and NF-κB [PMID:33456343]
Evidence DUlcerative Colitis
Flower extract prevented body weight loss and reduced colonic shortening and inflammatory cytokines in DSS-induced mice [PMID:34249260]
Evidence DIschemic Stroke
Total flavonoid extracts (TFC) attenuated cerebral infarct volume and enhanced cerebral blood flow in a rat model [PMID:30258350]
Evidence DImmunosuppression
Safety & adverse effects
Caraphenol A was reported to alleviate renal injury without systemic toxicity in mice [PMID:42167660].
Evidence summary
The majority of evidence is derived from in vitro studies and animal models (Level D), with limited clinical evidence for topical use in hyperpigmentation (Level B).
PubMed sources
1.PMID: 37209608 (2023) — Amelioration effects of α-viniferin on hyperuricemia and hyperuricemia-induced kidney injury in mice. · Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
2.PMID: 36933336 (2023) — Hypoglycemic oligostilbenes from the stems of Caragana sinica. · Bioorganic chemistry
3.PMID: 38081398 (2024) — Caragana sinica (Buc'hoz) Rehd. (jin ji er) polysaccharide regulates the immune function and intestinal microbiota of cyclophosphamide (CTX) induced immunosuppressed mice. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
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C. sinica polysaccharide (CSP) regulated immune function and intestinal microbiota in cyclophosphamide-induced mice [PMID:38081398]
— Neuraminidase Inhibitors from the Roots of Caragana sinica.
· Chemistry & biodiversity
6.PMID: 33456343 (2021) — Inhibition effect of Caragana sinica root extracts on Osteoarthritis through MAPKs, NF-κB signaling pathway. · International journal of medical sciences
7.PMID: 36687056 (2023) — Core Constituents of Caragana sinica Root for Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment and the Potential Mechanism. · ACS omega
8.PMID: 34249260 (2021) — Flower extract of Caragana sinica. ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by affecting TLR4/NF-κB and TLR4/MAPK signaling pathway in a mouse model. · Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
9.PMID: 29556371 (2018) — α-Viniferin Improves Facial Hyperpigmentation via Accelerating Feedback Termination of cAMP/PKA-Signaled Phosphorylation Circuit in Facultative Melanogenesis. · Theranostics
10.PMID: 19422901 (2009) — Ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacology of the genus Caragana used in traditional Chinese medicine. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
11.PMID: 15621582 (2004) — Two new oligostilbenes from Caragana sinica. · Journal of Asian natural products research
12.PMID: 16755062 (2006) — Quantitative determination of stilbene oligomers in Jin Que-gen collected from different regions by a HPLC method. · Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
13.PMID: 30023311 (2018) — Kobophenol A Isolated from Roots of Caragana sinica (Buc'hoz) Rehder Exhibits Anti-inflammatory Activity by Regulating NF-κB Nuclear Translocation in J774A.1 Cells. · Toxicology reports
14.PMID: 16099120 (2005) — Metabolites and the pharmacokinetics of kobophenol A from Caragana sinica in rats. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
15.PMID: 37017451 (2023) — Skin Wound Healing and Anti-Wrinkle-Promoting In Vitro Biological Activities of Caragana sinica Flower Absolute and Its Chemical Composition. · Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)
16.PMID: 26407945 (2015) — Extract of Caragana sinica as a potential therapeutic option for increasing alpha-secretase gene expression. · Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
17.PMID: 28347167 (2017) — Caragasinin C: a new oligostilbene from the roots of Caragana sinica. · Journal of Asian natural products research
18.PMID: 32400050 (2020) — A novel role for α-viniferin in suppressing angiogenesis by blocking the VEGFR-2/p70S6K signaling pathway. · Phytotherapy research : PTR
19.PMID: 34707679 (2021) — Hyperin Alleviates Triptolide-Induced Ovarian Granulosa Cell Injury by Regulating AKT/TSC1/mTORC1 Signaling. · Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM
20.PMID: 42167660 (2026) — The resveratrol trimer caraphenol A from Caragana sinica alleviates hyperuricemia and hyperuricemia-induced renal injury in mice by modulating uric acid metabolism and inflammatory pathways. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
21.PMID: 18463595 (2008) — Acid-catalyzed epimerization of kobophenol A to carasinol B. · Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
22.PMID: 18975213 (1997) — Anti-herpetic activity of various medicinal plant extracts. · Archives of pharmacal research
23.PMID: 21139245 (2010) — Stilbene derivatives as human 5-HT(6) receptor antagonists from the root of Caragana sinica. · Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin
24.PMID: 16595888 (2006) — Simultaneous determination of the contents of three stilbene oligomers in Caragana sinica collected in different seasons using an improved HPLC method. · Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin
25.PMID: 30258350 (2018) — Total Flavonoids in Caragana (TFC) Promotes Angiogenesis and Enhances Cerebral Perfusion in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke. · Frontiers in neuroscience
26.PMID: 24759620 (2014) — Kobophenol A inhibits sodium nitroprusside-induced cardiac H9c2 cell death through suppressing activation of JNK and preserving mitochondrial anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Mcl-1. · Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
27.PMID: 7700990 (1995) — Naturally occurring protein kinase C inhibitors; II. Isolation of oligomeric stilbenes from Caragana sinica. · Planta medica
28.PMID: 22097829 (2011) — Structural characterization of lignins isolated from Caragana sinica using FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy. · Guang pu xue yu guang pu fen xi = Guang pu
29.PMID: 18505483 (1997) — Biological screening of 100 plant extracts for cosmetic use (I): inhibitory activities of tyrosinase and DOPA auto-oxidation. · International journal of cosmetic science
30.PMID: 7863783 (1994) — [Inhibition of protein kinase C by stilbenoids]. · Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica