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This sheet was compiled from PubMed (NIH) abstracts using AI assistance. Every factual claim is cited to a real PubMed article (see the source list). It has not yet been human-reviewed — confirm with a healthcare provider before use.
Compiled from 30 PubMed articles · model: gemma4:31b
Summary
Commelina communis, also known as dayflower or Yazhicao, is a plant used in traditional medicine for treating diabetes, obesity, and infections [PMID:10418330, 39241582].
Background
Commelina communis (dayflower) is a widely distributed plant in global tropics and is often characterized as an invasive weed in corn and soybean fields [PMID:39592924, 34961156]. It is recognized as a metallophyte with high drought resistance and the ability to hyperaccumulate heavy metals [PMID:33365657, 34442769].
Traditional uses
It has been used as a traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of diabetes, obesity, and infections [PMID:10418330, 39241582, 40962098].
Active compounds
Identified compounds include pyrrolidine alkaloids (2,5-dihydroxymethyl-3,4-dihydroxypyrrolidine/DMDP) [PMID:10418330, 18409066], piperidine alkaloids (1-deoxynojirimycin/DNJ, 1-deoxymannojirimycin, alpha-homonojirimycin) [PMID:10418330, 18409066, 27886092], flavonoid glycosides (isoquercitrin, orientin, vitexin, isoorientin, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-beta-D-glucoside, glucoluteolin, chrysoriol-7-O-beta-D-glucoside, swertisin, and flavocommelin) [PMID:18409066], acidic glycoproteins (CCW-4 and CCW-5) [PMID:40962098], and an indigestible arabinoglucuronoxylan polysaccharide (CCB-3) [PMID:39241582].
Mechanism of action
The herb's components exhibit alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity [PMID:10418330, 18409066]. Anti-inflammatory effects are mediated via modulation of the Nuclear Factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) pathway, specifically decreasing phosphorylation of I-kappaB-alpha and intranuclear transition of the p65 subunit [PMID:35250385]. Additionally, it may alleviate septic-ALI by modulating the intestine microbiota to reduce TMAO/NLRP3 signaling [PMID:38810555].
Clinical evidence
Evidence DInfluenza virus infection (mice)
Homonojirimycin (HNJ) improved survival rate, prolonged mean survival time, reduced lung virus yields, and modulated immune responses by increasing IFN-gamma and IL-10 while decreasing TNF-alpha and IL-6 [PMID:23746956].
Evidence DSeptic-ALI (experimental)
YZC extract inhibited excessive inflammation and alleviated septic-ALI [PMID:38810555].
Evidence DInflammation (murine macrophages)
Extract (CCE) decreased LPS-induced levels of NO, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6 [PMID:35250385].
Evidence DBacterial infections (in vitro)
Methanol-phase extract showed a 58.33% inhibition rate against 24 common pathogenic bacteria by disrupting cell integrity (increasing surface hydrophobicity and membrane permeability) [PMID:36840240].
Safety & adverse effects
In vitro studies on murine macrophages showed that CCE treatment did not affect cell viability even at a concentration of 1.5 mg/mL [PMID:35250385].
Evidence summary
The current evidence is based primarily on in vitro studies and animal models (Level D), demonstrating potential antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antihyperglycemic activities. No human clinical trials were provided in the source abstracts.
PubMed sources
1.PMID: 23746956 (2013) — Protective effect of homonojirimycin from Commelina communis (dayflower) on influenza virus infection in mice. · Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
2.PMID: 39592924 (2024) — Selection and validation of reference genes for qRT-PCR normalization in dayflower (Commelina communis) based on the transcriptome profiling. · BMC plant biology
3.PMID: 22783075 (2011) — First Report of Stem Rot on Asiatic Dayflower (Commelina communis L.) Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii in Korea. · Mycobiology
No direct government monograph is available for this herb. The content below is AI-generated and has not been verified against an authoritative government source. Use the search links to check official sources before relying on this information.
— Multi-metabolomics and intestine microbiome analysis: YZC extract ameliorates septic-ALI by modulating intestine microbiota to reduce TMAO/NLRP3 signaling.
· Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
6.PMID: 18409066 (2008) — Antioxidant constituents in the dayflower (Commelina communis L.) and their alpha-glucosidase-inhibitory activity. · Journal of natural medicines
11.PMID: 21628272 (2009) — Floral organogenesis and the developmental basis for pollinator deception in the asiatic dayflower, Commelina communis (Commelinaceae). · American journal of botany
12.PMID: 39241582 (2024) — Structural characterization and Bacteroides proliferation promotion activity of a novel homogeneous arabinoglucuronoxylan from Commelina communis L. · Bioorganic chemistry
13.PMID: 37996971 (2024) — Trait variation along an urban-rural gradient in Asian dayflower: the contribution of phenotypic plasticity and genetic divergence. · Plant biology (Stuttgart, Germany)
14.PMID: 23530829 (2013) — Homonojirimycin, an alkaloid from dayflower inhibits the growth of influenza A virus in vitro. · Acta virologica
15.PMID: 34961156 (2021) — High Antioxidant Ability Confer Resistance to Atrazine in Commelina communis L. · Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
16.PMID: 40962098 (2025) — Isolation, structural characterization, and anticomplement activity of two glycoproteins derived from Commelina communis L. · International journal of biological macromolecules
17.PMID: 36464365 (2022) — PsbA gene over-expression and enhanced metabolism conferring resistance to atrazine in Commelina communis. · Pesticide biochemistry and physiology
18.PMID: 33365657 (2019) — The chloroplast genome sequence of Commelina communis (Commelinaceae). · Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources
19.PMID: 34442769 (2021) — Deciphering the Endophytic and Rhizospheric Microbial Communities of a Metallophyte Commelina communis in Different Cu-Polluted Soils. · Microorganisms
20.PMID: 31323838 (2019) — Allelopathic and Autotoxic Effects of Medicago sativa-Derived Allelochemicals. · Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
21.PMID: 21706139 (2011) — ABA signaling in stomatal guard cells: lessons from Commelina and Vicia. · Journal of plant research
22.PMID: 11299391 (2001) — Abscisic acid-induced actin reorganization in guard cells of dayflower is mediated by cytosolic calcium levels and by protein kinase and protein phosphatase activities. · Plant physiology
23.PMID: 36725225 (2023) — [Quality evaluation of Commelina communis from different origins based on multicomponent content determination combined with chemometrics]. · Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica
24.PMID: 34694309 (2021) — Strategies used by nature to fix the red, purple and blue colours in plants: a physical chemistry approach. · Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP
25.PMID: 38384819 (2024) — Habitat diversification associated with urban development has a little effect on genetic structure in the annual native plant Commelina communis in an East Asian megacity. · Ecology and evolution
27.PMID: 35250385 (2022) — Treatment with Commelina communis Extract Exerts Anti-inflammatory Effects in Murine Macrophages via Modulation of the Nuclear Factor-κB Pathway. · Mediators of inflammation
28.PMID: 1843407 (1991) — Visualisation and measurement of the calcium message in guard cells. · Symposia of the Society for Experimental Biology
29.PMID: 23007596 (2013) — Measurement of cytosolic-free Ca²⁺ in plant tissue. · Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)