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This sheet was compiled from PubMed (NIH) abstracts using AI assistance. Every factual claim is cited to a real PubMed article (see the source list). It has not yet been human-reviewed — confirm with a healthcare provider before use.
Compiled from 30 PubMed articles · model: gemma4:31b
Summary
Curcuma phaeocaulis is a medicinal herb used in traditional Chinese medicine for treating cancer, gynecological diseases, and inflammatory conditions [PMID:40377003, 39800242, 25044589].
Background
Curcuma phaeocaulis Valeton is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant of the Zingiberaceae family [PMID:33889750]. Its dried rhizome is known in China as Ezhu or Wen-E-Zhu and is a source of Curcumae Rhizoma [PMID:40734908, 39800242, 39102903].
Traditional uses
Traditionally used in Chinese medicine to treat triple-negative breast cancer [PMID:40377003], cancer and gynecological diseases [PMID:39800242], and for promoting blood circulation, dissolving blood stasis, reducing swelling, and alleviating pain [PMID:39800242, 39826788, 26648822].
Active compounds
Key constituents include sesquiterpenoids (such as curcumenol, curcumol, germacrone, $\beta$-elemene, isocurcumenol, and phaeocaulisin A/D) [PMID:40377003, 40734908, 39800242, 38812199, 34366571, 35417150], curcuminoids (curcumin and demethoxycurcumin) [PMID:35408502, 40734908], diphenylheptanes [PMID:24818222], and the arabinogalactan polysaccharide CPAP-1 [PMID:41302400].
Mechanism of action
Mechanisms include inhibition of the SLC7A11/NF-$\kappa$B/TGF-$\beta$ pathway to promote ferroptosis in breast cancer [PMID:40377003], suppression of the NLRP3 inflammasome and caspase-1 activation [PMID:35408502], inhibition of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-$\kappa$B signaling pathway in liver injury [PMID:37778523], and blockade of the IL-6-activated JAK2/STAT3 pathway [PMID:31586702]. It also inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) [PMID:16786056, 25044589].
Clinical evidence
Evidence DTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)
Curcumenol inhibited survival of TNBC cells, enhanced sensitivity to paclitaxel, and reduced tumor growth and lung metastasis in mouse models [PMID:40377003]
Evidence DAirway Inflammation
C. phaeocaulis suppressed caspase-1 activation and decreased IL-1$\beta$ levels and cell infiltration in nanoparticle-induced mouse models [PMID:35408502]
Evidence DEndometriosis
$\beta$-elemene and the herbal combination Sparganium stoloniferum-Curcuma phaeocaulis inhibit endometriosis progression via MAPK, STAT3, and S1P/S1PR1-Akt axis modulation [PMID:39800242, 38277707, 40523453]
Evidence DPrion Disease
Extracts decreased prion aggregation and propagation in vitro and in vivo, preventing disease onset in some mouse models [PMID:36613636, 39274884]
Evidence DAdjuvant Arthritis
Methanol extract significantly inhibited paw swelling and serum haptoglobin concentration in mice [PMID:16786056]
Evidence D
Safety & adverse effects
Vinegar processing has been shown to reduce the toxicity of C. phaeocaulis, increasing the LC50 in zebrafish embryos [PMID:34027806].
Evidence summary
The current evidence is based primarily on in vitro cell cultures and in vivo animal models (mice, rats, zebrafish), indicating strong pharmacological potential but lacking human clinical trial data.
PubMed sources
1.PMID: 40377003 (2025) — Curcumenol inhibits malignant progression and promotes ferroptosis via the SLC7A11/NF‑κB/TGF‑β pathway in triple‑negative breast cancer. · International journal of molecular medicine
2.PMID: 35408502 (2022) — Curcuma phaeocaulis Inhibits NLRP3 Inflammasome in Macrophages and Ameliorates Nanoparticle-Induced Airway Inflammation in Mice. · Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
3.PMID: 40734908 (2025) — Curcumae Rhizoma: An anti-cancer traditional Chinese medicine. · Chinese herbal medicines
4.PMID: 35417150 (2022) — Asymmetric Total Synthesis of (-)-Phaeocaulisin A. · Journal of the American Chemical Society
No direct government monograph is available for this herb. The content below is AI-generated and has not been verified against an authoritative government source. Use the search links to check official sources before relying on this information.
Raw and vinegar-processed C. phaeocaulis ameliorated TAA-induced liver injury in zebrafish [PMID:37778523]
— β-elemene, a sesquiterpene constituent from Curcuma phaeocaulis inhibits the development of endometriosis by inducing ferroptosis via the MAPK and STAT3 signaling pathways.
· Journal of ethnopharmacology
6.PMID: 34027806 (2021) — Vinegar-processed Curcuma phaeocaulis promotes anti-angiogenic activity and reduces toxicity in zebrafish and rat models. · Pharmaceutical biology
7.PMID: 36613636 (2022) — The Effect of Curcuma phaeocaulis Valeton (Zingiberaceae) Extract on Prion Propagation in Cell-Based and Animal Models. · International journal of molecular sciences
8.PMID: 25044589 (2014) — Suppression of Inflammatory cytokine production by ar-Turmerone isolated from Curcuma phaeocaulis. · Chemistry & biodiversity
9.PMID: 39274884 (2024) — Isolation of Anti-Prion Compounds from Curcuma phaeocaulis Valeton Extract. · Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
10.PMID: 33889750 (2021) — The complete chloroplast genome sequence of three medicinal species; Curcuma longa, Curcuma wenyujin, and Curcuma phaeocaulis (Zingiberaceae). · Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources
11.PMID: 39826788 (2025) — Endothelium-independent vasorelaxant effects of Curcuma phaeocaulis essential oil and its representative compound isocurcumenol. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
12.PMID: 38277707 (2024) — Integration of 16 S rRNA gene sequencing, metabonomics and metagenome analysis to investigate the mechanism of Sparganium stoloniferum-Curcuma phaeocaulis in treating of endometriosis in rats. · Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
13.PMID: 34366571 (2021) — Total Synthesis of (±)-Phaeocaulisin D. · Synlett : accounts and rapid communications in synthetic organic chemistry
14.PMID: 31586702 (2019) — STAT3-inhibitory activity of sesquiterpenoids and diterpenoids from Curcuma phaeocaulis. · Bioorganic chemistry
15.PMID: 26043663 (2015) — Four new sesquiterpenes from the rhizomes of Curcuma phaeocaulis and their iNOS inhibitory activities. · Journal of Asian natural products research
16.PMID: 26648822 (2015) — Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumor activities of ingredients of Curcuma phaeocaulis Val. · EXCLI journal
17.PMID: 32283345 (2020) — Seven pairs of new enantiomeric sesquiterpenoids from Curcuma phaeocaulis. · Bioorganic chemistry
18.PMID: 26914409 (2017) — Antiproliferative activity of Curcuma phaeocaulis Valeton extract using ultrasonic assistance and response surface methodology. · Preparative biochemistry & biotechnology
19.PMID: 41269144 (2025) — Spatial distribution of differential metabolites in different parts of Curcuma phaeocaulis Val. using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry and desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging. · The Analyst
20.PMID: 41302400 (2025) — Structural Characterization and Protective Effects of CPAP-1, an Arabinogalactan from Curcuma phaeocaulis Val., Against H2O2-Induced Oxidative Damage in HUVECs. · Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
21.PMID: 40523453 (2025) — Sanleng Wan inhibits endometriosis progression by regulating sphingolipid metabolism via the S1P/S1PR1-Akt axis based on serum metabolomics and network pharmacology. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
22.PMID: 16786056 (2006) — Comparison of Anti-inflammatory Activities of Six Curcuma Rhizomes: A Possible Curcuminoid-independent Pathway Mediated by Curcuma phaeocaulis Extract. · Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM
23.PMID: 38812199 (2024) — [Active constituents of essential oil from Curcuma phaeocaulis for treatment of dysmenorrhea]. · Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica
24.PMID: 39082169 (2024) — Efficacy and Mechanism of Core Traditional Chinese Medicines for Treating Malignant Lymphoma based on Efficacy Studies: A Study Supported by Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. · Current pharmaceutical design
25.PMID: 38672405 (2024) — Research Progress on Sesquiterpenoids of Curcumae Rhizoma and Their Pharmacological Effects. · Biomolecules
26.PMID: 39102903 (2024) — Establishment of an antiplatelet aggregation efficacy-oriented effect-constituent index for quality evaluation of Curcumae Rhizoma from different species (Curcuma phaeocaulis Val, Curcuma kwangsiensis S. G. Lee et C. F. Liang and Curcuma wenyujin Y. H. Chen et C. Ling). · Fitoterapia
27.PMID: 37778523 (2024) — The raw and vinegar-processed Curcuma phaeocaulis Val. ameliorate TAA-induced zebrafish liver injury by inhibiting TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
28.PMID: 25819006 (2015) — Cadinane sesquiterpenes from Curcuma phaeocaulis with their inhibitory activities on nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells. · Fitoterapia
29.PMID: 24818222 (2014) — Protective effects of diphenylheptanes from Curcuma phaeocaulis Val. on H2O2 induced cell injury. · Food & function
30.PMID: 26151445 (2015) — Natural nitric oxide (NO) inhibitors from the rhizomes of Curcuma phaeocaulis. · Organic & biomolecular chemistry