This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult your healthcare provider before using herbs, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, taking medications, or have a medical condition.
PubMed · Rhodiola crenulata alleviates hypobaric hypoxia-induced brain injury by maintaining BBB integrity and balancing energy metabolism dysfunction. (2024)
PubMed · The Effectiveness of <i>Rhodiola rosea</i> L. Preparations in Alleviating Various Aspects of Life-Stress Symptoms and Stress-Induced Conditions-Encouraging Clinical Evidence. (2022)
Reviewed by: HerbAlly Editorial Team, Medical herbalists and healthcare professionals
This sheet was compiled from PubMed (NIH) abstracts using AI assistance. Every factual claim is cited to a real PubMed article (see the source list). It has not yet been human-reviewed — confirm with a healthcare provider before use.
Compiled from 30 PubMed articles · model: gemma4:31b
Summary
Rhodiola crenulata is a traditional Tibetan medicinal herb used primarily for treating high-altitude sickness and fatigue [PMID:38503156, 40699724]. It demonstrates neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties across various models [PMID:37955364, 27224273].
Background
Rhodiola crenulata (Hook. f. et Thoms.) H. Ohba is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Crassulaceae family found in cold high-altitude regions (2800 to 5600m), primarily distributed in China, Nepal, and Bhutan [PMID:41936838, 38615983]. The roots are the primary medicinal part of the plant [PMID:41936838].
Traditional uses
Traditionally used in Tibetan and Eastern medicine to treat high-altitude sickness, fatigue, diabetes, hemoptysis, pneumonia, cough, and gynecological disorders such as leucorrhea [PMID:40504978, 41936838, 40699724].
Active compounds
Key bioactive components include salidroside (a major compound), tyrosol, crenulatin, catechin gallate, eriodictyol, rhodiooctanoside, quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, and ellagic acid [PMID:27224273, 40699724, 41226160].
Mechanism of action
Mechanisms include activation of the AMPK pathway to regulate glucose and lipid metabolism [PMID:28830211, 25925970], stimulation of the PI3K-AKT-MAPK signaling pathway to enhance mitochondrial function [PMID:36610162], and regulation of the AMPK/Sirt1/HIF-1α pathway for mitochondrial protection [PMID:40354296]. It also inhibits the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in glioblastoma [PMID:25998182] and regulates the decadienylcarnitine/NLRP3/GSDMD axis to inhibit cell pyroptosis [PMID:40850654].
Clinical evidence
Evidence AAcute High Altitude Disease (AHAD)
Rhodiola crenulata extract (RCE) is effective in improving arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) and arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) [PMID:40584626]
Evidence BAerobic Exercise Performance
Supplementation of R. crenulata and Cordyceps sinensis during high altitude training markedly lengthened exhaustive run time compared to placebo [PMID:25251930]
Safety & adverse effects
A systematic review of 19 RCTs analyzed adverse event incidence to assess safety in patients with acute high altitude disease [PMID:40584626].
Evidence summary
Evidence is strongest (Level A) for the treatment of acute high altitude disease via systematic review and meta-analysis. Other findings are primarily based on animal models (rats/mice) and in vitro cell lines (Level D), demonstrating potential for treating diabetic kidney disease, NAFLD, and neurodegenerative conditions.
PubMed sources
1.PMID: 38503156 (2024) — Rhodiola crenulata alleviates hypobaric hypoxia-induced brain injury by maintaining BBB integrity and balancing energy metabolism dysfunction. · Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
2.PMID: 36610162 (2023) — Salidroside intensifies mitochondrial function of CoCl2-damaged HT22 cells by stimulating PI3K-AKT-MAPK signaling pathway. · Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
3.PMID: 40504978 (2025) — Mechanistic insights of Rhodiola crenulata in treating diabetic kidney disease via network pharmacology. · Journal of molecular endocrinology
4.PMID: 40584626 (2025) — Efficacy and safety of Rhodiola crenulata extract in the treatment of acute high altitude disease, based on studies involving populations in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis. · Frontiers in pharmacology
No direct government monograph is available for this herb. The content below is AI-generated and has not been verified against an authoritative government source. Use the search links to check official sources before relying on this information.
— Immunmodulatory and Antiproliferative Properties of Rhodiola Species.
· Planta medica
6.PMID: 37955364 (2023) — Field Collection and Laboratory Routine Identification of Rhodiola crenulata. · Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE
7.PMID: 40699724 (2025) — Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Network Pharmacology Reveal the Mechanisms of Rhodiola crenulata in Improving Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. · Current issues in molecular biology
8.PMID: 40354296 (2025) — Mechanistic Insights into Salidroside's Mitochondrial Protection via AMPK/Sirt1/HIF-1α Pathway in Hypoxic HT22 Cells. · Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE
9.PMID: 32138536 (2020) — Neuroprotective Effect of Rhodiola crenulata in D-Galactose-Induced Aging Model. · The American journal of Chinese medicine
10.PMID: 42096998 (2026) — Rhodiosin promotes cerebral angiogenesis in mice with ischemic stroke via PI3K/Akt pathway activation. · Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
11.PMID: 38794164 (2024) — Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Correlation Analysis of Rhodiola crenulata in Rats with Myocardial Ischemia. · Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)
12.PMID: 28830211 (2017) — Rhodiola crenulata Attenuates High Glucose Induced Endothelial Dysfunction in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. · The American journal of Chinese medicine
13.PMID: 29871587 (2018) — Evaluation of Rhodiola crenulata on growth and metabolism of NB-1691, an MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cell line. · Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine
14.PMID: 40850654 (2026) — Rhodiola crenulata extract inhibits cell pyroptosis to ameliorate pulmonary vascular remodeling in rats through the regulation of decadienylcarnitine/NLRP3/GSDMD axis. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
15.PMID: 35526732 (2022) — Chemical characteristics of Rhodiola Crenulata and its mechanism in acute mountain sickness using UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS combined with network pharmacology analysis. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
16.PMID: 38615983 (2024) — Overexpression of Rhodiola crenulata glutathione peroxidase 5 increases cold tolerance and enhances the pharmaceutical value of the hairy roots. · Gene
17.PMID: 35432456 (2022) — Genome-wide Identification and Expression Analysis of RcMYB Genes in Rhodiola crenulata. · Frontiers in genetics
18.PMID: 31931595 (2020) — Rhodiola crenulata Suppresses High Glucose-Induced Matrix Metalloproteinase Expression and Inflammatory Responses by Inhibiting ROS-Related HMGB1-TLR4 Signaling in Endothelial Cells. · The American journal of Chinese medicine
19.PMID: 34306163 (2021) — Quality Evaluation of Randomized Controlled Trials of Rhodiola Species: A Systematic Review. · Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM
20.PMID: 25251930 (2014) — Rhodiola crenulata- and Cordyceps sinensis-based supplement boosts aerobic exercise performance after short-term high altitude training. · High altitude medicine & biology
21.PMID: 25998182 (2015) — Rhodiola crenulata inhibits Wnt/β-catenin signaling in glioblastoma. · The Journal of surgical research
22.PMID: 41936838 (2026) — Research progress from traditional medicine to chemical composition, pharmacological activity, and clinical application of Rhodiola crenulata. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
23.PMID: 32855685 (2020) — Rhodiola Crenulata ameliorates exhaustive exercise-induced fatigue in mice by suppressing mitophagy in skeletal muscle. · Experimental and therapeutic medicine
24.PMID: 41226160 (2025) — Inhibition Profiling of Rhodiola crenulata on Lactate Dehydrogenase Isoenzymes. · Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
25.PMID: 25925970 (2015) — Rhodiola crenulata extract suppresses hepatic gluconeogenesis via activation of the AMPK pathway. · Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
26.PMID: 16837437 (2006) — Evaluation of Rhodiola crenulata and Rhodiola rosea for management of type II diabetes and hypertension. · Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
27.PMID: 31012483 (2019) — Interventions for preventing high altitude illness: Part 3. Miscellaneous and non-pharmacological interventions. · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
28.PMID: 37089935 (2023) — Efficacy and safety of three species of Rhodiola L. in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. · Frontiers in pharmacology
29.PMID: 23710233 (2013) — Rhodiola crenulata Extract Alleviates Hypoxic Pulmonary Edema in Rats. · Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM