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Ginkgo biloba
Ginkgo biloba is one of the oldest living tree species, often referred to as a living fossil. Its leaves have been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for thousands of years. It is one of the top-selling herbal supplements worldwide, primarily used for cognitive function and circulatory health.
| Drug | Severity | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Warfarin (Coumadin) | severe | Ginkgo biloba may increase the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, significantly increasing the risk of bleeding including intracranial hemorrhage. |
| Aspirin | moderate | Ginkgo combined with aspirin may increase bleeding risk. Cases of spontaneous bleeding including hyphema (eye bleeding) have been reported. |
| Ibuprofen (Advil) | moderate | Combining ginkgo with ibuprofen may increase bleeding risk. A case of fatal intracerebral hemorrhage has been reported with this combination. |
| Clopidogrel (Plavix) | severe | Ginkgo may enhance the antiplatelet effects of clopidogrel, increasing bleeding risk. |
| Anticonvulsants (Valproic acid) | moderate | Ginkgo may reduce the effectiveness of anticonvulsant medications, potentially increasing seizure risk. |