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This sheet was compiled from PubMed (NIH) abstracts using AI assistance. Every factual claim is cited to a real PubMed article (see the source list). It has not yet been human-reviewed — confirm with a healthcare provider before use.
Compiled from 30 PubMed articles · model: gemma4:31b
Summary
Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, also known as Harshingar or Night Jasmine, is a perennial woody shrub of the Oleaceae family with significant traditional use in Ayurveda for treating inflammation, fever, and joint-related disorders [PMID:23376280, PMID:38148217, PMID:37925001].
Background
Nyctanthes arbor-tristis is a perennial woody shrub belonging to the Oleaceae family, characterized by fragrant flowers that bloom at night [PMID:38148217, PMID:41213599]. It is widely utilized in traditional Indian medicinal systems, including Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani [PMID:23376280, PMID:39873741].
Traditional uses
Traditional uses include treating intermittent fevers, arthritis, obstinate sciatica, helminthiasis, skin ailments, ulcers, piles, liver diseases, and as a laxative or sedative [PMID:23376280, PMID:35017935, PMID:39873741, PMID:38992400]. It has also been used for antibilious conditions, gynecological disorders, and cough [PMID:41213599, PMID:25600986].
Active compounds
Bioactive components include alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids (e.g., quercetin, kaempferol), sterols (e.g., beta-sitosterol), triterpenes, saponins, and glycosides [PMID:39873741, PMID:42107754]. Specifically, it contains iridoid glycosides such as Arbortristoside-A and nyctanthoside, phenylethanoid glycosides like nyctanthesin B, and the apocarotenoid crocetin in the tubular calyx [PMID:42107754, PMID:42287724, PMID:35747356].
Mechanism of action
Anti-inflammatory effects are mediated through the inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway and reduction of inflammatory mediators such as free radicals, lipid peroxidation, nitrous oxide (NO), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) [PMID:37925001, PMID:42287724]. Antimalarial activity is suggested to occur via the production of oxidative stress, similar to artemisinin [PMID:35017935]. In cancer cells, it may activate p53-independent cell death receptors and necroptosis pathways [PMID:37162805].
Clinical evidence
Evidence DMalaria
An observational study reported parasite clearance in 76.6% of 120 patients in an earlier study; a subsequent study monitored pyrexia and parasitemia in 20 patients using a leaf paste [PMID:27914754]. In vivo tests in mice showed schizonticidal activity increased with doses of 100-200 mg/kg [PMID:35017935].
Evidence DRheumatoid Arthritis
Hydroethanolic leaf extract (500 mg/kg BW) in rat models reduced paw volumes and inflammatory markers (TNF-α and COX-2) while increasing IL-10 [PMID:38116080]. In vitro studies showed downregulation of TNF-α [PMID:37630377].
Evidence DEpilepsy/Convulsions
Methanolic extract at 400 mg/kg in mice defended against the progress of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced kindling seizures and associated EEG changes [PMID:38776672].
Evidence DCough
Oral administration of a branched polysaccharide fraction (25 and 50 mg/kg) significantly inhibited citric acid-induced cough efforts in guinea pigs [PMID:25600986].
Evidence DCancer
Alkaloid extracts from fruit and leaf showed cytotoxicity in HepG2 liver cancer cells, inducing apoptosis and reducing mitochondrial membrane potential [PMID:37162805, PMID:39711022].
Safety & adverse effects
A study in Sprague-Dawley rats evaluated the safety of a 500 mg/kg BW dose of hydroethanolic leaf extract as part of a sub-acute toxicity and pharmacovigilance approach [PMID:38116080].
Evidence summary
The majority of evidence is based on in vitro studies, animal models (mice, rats, guinea pigs), and computational simulations (in silico), with limited open-label observational clinical data. Most findings are categorized as level D evidence.
2.PMID: 35017935 (2021) — Evaluation of In vivo Antimalarial Property of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis (Night Jasmine) Leaves. · Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences
3.PMID: 41213599 (2026) — Nyctanthes arbor-tristis: A Multifaceted Medicinal Plant in Traditional and Contemporary Medicine. · Planta medica
4.PMID: 38148217 (2023) — Genomic and Transcriptomic Analyses Illuminates Unique Traits of Elusive Night Flowering Jasmine Parijat (Nyctanthes arbor-tristis). · Physiologia plantarum
5.PMID: 39873741 (2026) — Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn.: comprehensive insights into its medicinal, phytochemical and safety profiles.
Government sources
No direct government monograph is available for this herb. The content below is AI-generated and has not been verified against an authoritative government source. Use the search links to check official sources before relying on this information.
6.PMID: 37925001 (2024) — Nyctanthes arbor-tristis bioactive extract ameliorates LPS-induced inflammation through the inhibition of NF-κB signalling pathway. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
7.PMID: 37140779 (2024) — Phytochemical Screening of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Plant Extracts and Their Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity Analysis. · Applied biochemistry and biotechnology
8.PMID: 42107754 (2026) — Neuroprotective efficacy of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis in a rotenone-induced rat model of Parkinson's disease. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
9.PMID: 38380570 (2024) — Anti-inflammatory and urease inhibitory iridoid glycosides from Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
10.PMID: 42287724 (2026) — Isolation and characterization of secondary metabolites from Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L. · Natural product research
11.PMID: 23300557 (2012) — Bioactivity guided fractionation of leaves extract of Nyctanthes arbor tristis (Harshringar) against P falciparum. · PloS one
12.PMID: 35941256 (2022) — Biosynthesis and biophysical elucidation of CuO nanoparticle from Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn Leaf. · Applied microbiology and biotechnology
13.PMID: 38199059 (2024) — Quantification of Arbortristoside-A isolated from Nyctanthes arbor-tristis using HPLC: Method development and pharmaceutical applications. · Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences
14.PMID: 37367436 (2024) — Isolation of Arbortristoside-A from Nyctanthes arbor-tristis seeds and its structural validation by X-ray crystallographic analysis. · Natural product research
15.PMID: 38256852 (2023) — Computational Molecular Docking and Simulation-Based Assessment of Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn Phytochemicals. · Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)
16.PMID: 38776672 (2024) — Ameliorative effect of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L. by suppression of pentylenetetrazole-induced kindling in mice: An insight from EEG, neurobehavioral and in-silico studies. · Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie
17.PMID: 38794151 (2024) — Investigating the Antiviral Properties of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn against the Ebola, SARS-CoV-2, Nipah, and Chikungunya Viruses: A Computational Simulation Study. · Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)
18.PMID: 36083429 (2023) — Bioactive Compounds from Nyctanthes arbor tristis Linn as Potential Inhibitors of Janus Kinases (JAKs) Involved in Rheumatoid Arthritis. · Applied biochemistry and biotechnology
19.PMID: 37162805 (2023) — Nyctanthes arbor-tristis alkaloids activates p53 independent cell death receptor and necroptosis pathways in HepG2 cells. · 3 Biotech
20.PMID: 33242363 (2021) — Evaluation of natural dyes Curcuma longa and Nyctanthes arbor-tristis with different mordants on plant tissues under fluorescence microscopy. · Microscopy research and technique
21.PMID: 8046941 (1994) — Immunostimulant activity of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
22.PMID: 27914754 (2016) — Antiparasitic and disease-modifying activity of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn. in malaria: An exploratory clinical study. · Journal of Ayurveda and integrative medicine
23.PMID: 25600986 (2015) — Extracted polysaccharide from Nyctanthes arbor-tristis leaves: chemical and antitussive properties. · International journal of biological macromolecules
24.PMID: 38515931 (2024) — Chemical Profiling and Biological Activities on Nepalese Medicinal Plant Extracts and Isolation of Active Fraction of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis. · TheScientificWorldJournal
25.PMID: 38116080 (2023) — Analysis of anti-rheumatic activity of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis via in vivo and pharmacovigilance approaches. · Frontiers in pharmacology
26.PMID: 37630377 (2023) — In Vitro and In Silico Anti-Rheumatic Arthritis Activity of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis. · Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
27.PMID: 38992400 (2024) — Mitochondria mediated inhibitory effect of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis (L.) flower extract against breast adenocarcinoma and T-cell lymphoma: An in vitro and in vivo study. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
28.PMID: 31973079 (2020) — Therapeutic Efficacy of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Flowers to Inhibit Proliferation of Acute and Chronic Primary Human Leukemia Cells, with Adipocyte Differentiation and in Silico Analysis of Interactions between Survivin Protein and Selected Secondary Metabolites. · Biomolecules
29.PMID: 35747356 (2022) — Preparation and evaluation of wound healing activity of phytosomes of crocetin from Nyctanthes arbor-tristis in rats. · Journal of traditional and complementary medicine
30.PMID: 39711022 (2024) — Fluorescent Staining-Assisted Evaluation of the Anticancer Potential of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Extracts in HepG2 Liver Cancer Cells. · Luminescence : the journal of biological and chemical luminescence