PubMed-compiled information sheet
This sheet was compiled from PubMed (NIH) abstracts using AI assistance. Every factual claim is cited to a real PubMed article (see the source list). It has not yet been human-reviewed — confirm with a healthcare provider before use.
Compiled from 17 PubMed articles · model: gemma4:31b
Summary
Iris pallida (Dalmatian Iris) is a perennial plant used in traditional medicine and the fragrance industry, possessing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties [PMID:37829656, PMID:36661511].
Background
Iris pallida Lam., also known as Sweetie Iris, is a perennial ornamental and medicinal plant [PMID:38276783]. It is cultivated for its ornamental value and for secondary metabolites found in its rhizomes, which are utilized in the pharmaceutical and fragrance industries [PMID:37829656].
Traditional uses
Iris pallida is used in traditional medicine and perfumes [PMID:36661511].
Active compounds
The rhizomes contain essential oils with dominant compounds including myristic acid (56%), capric acid (14.50%), lauric acid (15.42%), and alpha-irone (2.85%) [PMID:32454644]. Other identified constituents include beta-ionone [PMID:38276783], isoflavones such as irigenin [PMID:22213588], and various antioxidant compounds including gallic acid, caffeic acid, mangiferin, tectoridin, and irisolidone [PMID:33050063]. The leaves contain carboxylic acids such as citric, malic, and oxalic acids [PMID:33438337], and the flowers release methyl anthranilate [PMID:28028094].
Mechanism of action
Iris pallida extract (IPE) blocks the cortisol-induced translocation of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, showing effectiveness similar to the GR inhibitor mifepristone [PMID:36661511]. It also rescues the suppression of gene expression for COL1A1 and hyaluronic acid synthases HAS2 and HAS3 in cortisol-exposed cells [PMID:36661511].
Clinical evidence
Evidence DCortisol-induced skin degradation
Iris pallida extract alleviated the cortisol-induced decrease in procollagen type 1 (recovered by 106%) and hyaluronic acid (recovered by 31%) in human skin cells [PMID:36661511].
Evidence DOral bacterial biofilms
Methanolic extracts of I. pallida inhibited both quorum sensing and adhesion during biofilm formation in a concentration-dependent manner [PMID:32664528].
Safety & adverse effects
Beta-ionone from the rhizome of Iris pallida exhibits strong phytotoxicity (inhibitory activity) on the growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and other test plants [PMID:38276783]. No human adverse effects are reported in the provided abstracts.
Evidence summary
The current evidence is primarily based on in vitro studies (cell cultures and plant bioassays) and phytochemical analyses; there are no clinical trials or systematic reviews available in the provided data.
PubMed sources
- 1.PMID: 37829656 (2023) — Genome assembly of the bearded iris, Iris pallida Lam. · GigaByte (Hong Kong, China)
- 2.PMID: 36661511 (2023) — Iris Pallida Extract Alleviates Cortisol-Induced Decrease in Type 1 Collagen and Hyaluronic Acid Syntheses in Human Skin Cells. · Current issues in molecular biology
- 3.PMID: 32454644 (2018) — Composition of Volatile Oil of Iris pallida Lam. from Ukraine. · Turkish journal of pharmaceutical sciences
- 4.PMID: 38276783 (2024) — Influence of β-Ionone in the Phytotoxicity of the Rhizome of Iris pallida Lam. · Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
- 5.PMID: 22213588 (2012) — Characterisation and quantification of flavonoids in Iris germanica L. and Iris pallida Lam. resinoids from Morocco.