PubMed-compiled information sheet
This sheet was compiled from PubMed (NIH) abstracts using AI assistance. Every factual claim is cited to a real PubMed article (see the source list). It has not yet been human-reviewed — confirm with a healthcare provider before use.
Compiled from 8 PubMed articles · model: gemma4:31b
Summary
Peltigera canina is a terricolous cyanolichen consisting of a symbiotic association between a fungus and the cyanobacterium Nostoc [PMID:33211293, PMID:19820309].
Background
Peltigera canina is a foliose lichenized bitunicate ascohymenial discomycete [PMID:21149020]. It is characterized as a cyanolichen containing Nostoc as its cyanobiont [PMID:19820309].
Active compounds
Identified compounds include glucose, which is a major carbohydrate [PMID:26017819], and four isolated heteroglycans (Pc-1, Pc-2, Pc-3, and Pc-4) composed predominantly of mannose and galactose [PMID:16008123]. It also produces a glycosylated arginase that functions as a fungal lectin [PMID:21897128, PMID:19820309].
Mechanism of action
Heteroglycans from P. canina demonstrate immunomodulating activity by stimulating rat spleen cell proliferation and IL-10 secretion, as well as stimulating TNF-alpha secretion in rat peritoneal macrophages [PMID:16008123]. The fungal lectin (arginase) binds to urease receptors on the surface of Nostoc cells to induce chemotropism and adhesion [PMID:21897128, PMID:19820309].
Clinical evidence
Evidence DImmune response (in vitro)
Heteroglycans stimulated mitogenic activity in rat spleen cells and TNF-alpha secretion in rat peritoneal macrophages [PMID:16008123]
Evidence DSoil contamination (environmental)
Peltigera canina was added to soil contaminated by DDTs to evaluate effects on zucchini (Cucurbita pepo spp. pepo) [PMID:33211293]
Evidence summary
The available evidence is limited to in vitro immunological assays, environmental soil studies, and genomic/biochemical characterizations; there are no human clinical trials.
PubMed sources
- 1.PMID: 33211293 (2021) — Effects of the lichen Peltigera canina on Cucurbita pepo spp. pepo grown in soil contaminated by DDTs. · Environmental science and pollution research international
- 2.PMID: 37888225 (2023) — Characterization of Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of the Five Peltigera and Comparative Analysis with Relative Species. · Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
- 3.PMID: 34989610 (2022) — Metagenomes of Lichens Solorina crocea and Peltigera canina. · Microbiology resource announcements
- 4.PMID: 21149020 (2003) — New approach to an old problem: Incorporating signal from gap-rich regions of ITS and rDNA large subunit into phylogenetic analyses to resolve the Peltigera canina species complex. · Mycologia
- 5.PMID: 21897128 (2011) — Fungal lectin of Peltigera canina induces chemotropism of compatible Nostoc cells by constriction-relaxation pulses of cyanobiont cytoskeleton.