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This sheet was compiled from PubMed (NIH) abstracts using AI assistance. Every factual claim is cited to a real PubMed article (see the source list). It has not yet been human-reviewed — confirm with a healthcare provider before use.
Compiled from 30 PubMed articles · model: gemma4:31b
Summary
Potentilla anserina (silverweed cinquefoil) is a perennial herb used in traditional Chinese and Tibetan medicine as both a food and a medicinal resource [PMID:38909825, PMID:36717756]. It is recognized for its anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and antioxidant properties [PMID:34288682, PMID:40636944].
Background
Potentilla anserina L. (Rosaceae), also known as silverweed cinquefoil or ginseng fruit, is a plant widely distributed in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and western areas of China [PMID:38855725, PMID:34288682, PMID:37528998]. It is characterized as a clonal polyploid herb [PMID:39716778].
Traditional uses
Traditionally used in Chinese and Tibetan medicine to invigorate the spleen and stomach, quench thirst, tonify blood, astringe to stop bleeding, relieve diarrhea, and treat spleen deficiency [PMID:38909825, PMID:37528998]. It has also been used in folk medicine as an antitussive and expectorant [PMID:26695537].
Active compounds
Active constituents include polysaccharides [PMID:39922353], flavonoids such as (+)-catechin, (+)-gallocatechin, and various quercetin and kaempferol glycosides [PMID:17238103], phenols [PMID:36717756], and pentacyclic triterpenoid saponins (e.g., poterinasides A-J and potentillanosides A-F) [PMID:34288682, PMID:24697904].
Mechanism of action
Polysaccharides (PAP) reduce inflammatory levels and M1 macrophage immune responses in acute lung injury [PMID:39922353] and inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, VEGF, NF-κB, and HIF-1α) in hypobaric hypoxia models [PMID:34243609, PMID:32298011]. Flavonoids (PAF) modulate oxidative stress via the kelch-like ECH-associated protein pathway, reduce inflammatory cytokines, and restore intestinal microbiota balance [PMID:40636944]. Phenols improve insulin-stimulated glucose uptake by promoting Akt phosphorylation and suppress adipokine expression to decrease lipid droplet accumulation [PMID:36717756].
A combination extract containing silverweed (Gastritol Liquid) led to relevant improvements in vomiting (-66.7%) and retching (-52.2%) in patients with and without diabetes [PMID:26522087]
Evidence DAcute Lung Injury (ALI)
Polysaccharides (PAP) effectively reduced inflammatory levels and intestinal mucosal barrier impairment in LPS-induced mouse models [PMID:39922353]
Evidence DUlcerative Colitis (UC)
Flavonoids (PAF) mitigated weight loss, blood in stool, and diarrhea in DSS-induced colitis mice [PMID:40636944]
Evidence DCough and mucus
Aqueous extracts and polysaccharides significantly inhibited cough frequency and showed expectorant activity in mice and guinea pigs [PMID:26695537]
Evidence DHepatotoxicity
Triterpenes (potentillanoside A, rosamutin, kaji-ichigoside F1) exhibited in vivo hepatoprotective effects in mice [PMID:24697904]
Evidence D
Safety & adverse effects
An acute toxicity study in mice using a maximum dose of 345.6 g/kg crude drug extract showed no toxic symptoms, with normal body weight, food intake, and organ function [PMID:32352405]. In a human non-interventional study of a combination product containing silverweed, adverse events were reported in 7 patients, including temporary nausea, gastric spasm, and oral burning sensation [PMID:26522087].
Evidence summary
The majority of evidence is derived from in vitro studies and animal models (Level D), demonstrating significant anti-inflammatory and protective effects. There is limited human data, consisting primarily of a non-interventional study on a multi-herb combination [PMID:26522087].
PubMed sources
1.PMID: 38855725 (2023) — The genome sequence of the silverweed cinquefoil, Potentilla anserina L., 1753. · Wellcome open research
2.PMID: 39922353 (2025) — Potentilla anserina L. polysaccharide ameliorates LPS-induced acute lung injury and relevant intestinal mucosal barrier impairment. · International journal of biological macromolecules
3.PMID: 38909825 (2024) — A systematic review on botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Potentilla anserina L. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
4.PMID: 40636944 (2025) — Potentilla anserina L. flavonoids ameliorate ulcerative colitis by modulating oxidative stress, intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, and inflammatory responses. · 3 Biotech
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Polysaccharides (PAP) reduced lung water content, alleviated tissue injury, and protected against brain impairment in rat models [PMID:34243609, PMID:32298011]
Evidence DSkin damage (mask-induced)
Extract increased Aquaporin-3 and Filaggrin expression, improving skin hydration and barrier function [PMID:37762597]
(2020)
— Acute toxicity of Potentilla anserina L. extract in mice.
· Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung. C, Journal of biosciences
6.PMID: 37528998 (2023) — Enzyme-assisted extraction, characterization, and in vitro antioxidant activity of polysaccharides from Potentilla anserina L. · Frontiers in nutrition
7.PMID: 39716778 (2025) — Drift in small populations predicts mate availability and the breakdown of self-incompatibility in a clonal polyploid. · The New phytologist
8.PMID: 34288682 (2021) — Pentacyclic Triterpenoid Saponins, Poterinasides A-J, from Silverweed Cinquefoil Roots Promising Hepatoprotective and Anti-inflammatory Agents. · The Journal of organic chemistry
9.PMID: 26695537 (2016) — Antitussive and expectorant activities of Potentilla anserina. · Pharmaceutical biology
10.PMID: 36717756 (2023) — Phenols from Potentilla anserina L. Improve Insulin Sensitivity and Inhibit Differentiation in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes in Vitro. · Chemistry & biodiversity
11.PMID: 17238103 (1995) — Flavan-3-ols and flavonoids from Potentilla anserina. · Planta medica
12.PMID: 37762597 (2023) — The Protective Effects of Moisturizer Containing Potentilla anserina Extract in the Topical Treatment of Skin Damage Caused by Masks. · International journal of molecular sciences
13.PMID: 34243609 (2021) — Polysaccharide from Potentilla anserina L ameliorate pulmonary edema induced by hypobaric hypoxia in rats. · Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie
14.PMID: 24697904 (2014) — Hepatoprotective triterpenes from traditional Tibetan medicine Potentilla anserina. · Phytochemistry
15.PMID: 26522087 (2016) — Treatment of Mild Gastrointestinal Disorders with a Herbal Combination: Results of a Non-interventional Study with Gastritol® Liquid. · Phytotherapy research : PTR
16.PMID: 32298011 (2020) — Polysaccharide extracted from Potentilla anserina L ameliorate acute hypobaric hypoxia-induced brain impairment in rats. · Phytotherapy research : PTR