PubMed-compiled information sheet
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Compiled from 7 PubMed articles · model: gemma4:31b
Summary
Ssanghwa-tang (SHT) is a traditional herbal formula used in Asia primarily for the treatment of fatigue and recovery from illness [PMID:22468011, PMID:31223325].
Background
Ssanghwa-tang (SHT), also known as Shuanghe-tang or Souwa-to, is a traditional herbal medicine formula widely used in Korea and Asia [PMID:39669697, PMID:23981281].
Traditional uses
It is used for the development of physical strength, relief of pain, reduction of fatigue, treatment of inflammation, hypothermia, erectile dysfunction, cancer, osteoporosis, and recovery from consumptive disease after an illness [PMID:22468011, PMID:23981281, PMID:31223325].
Active compounds
Bioactive compounds identified in Ssanghwa-tang include glycyrrhizin, paeoniflorin, cinnamic acid, decursin, and 6-gingerol [PMID:20668576].
Mechanism of action
In B16F10 melanoma cells, SHT exerts anti-melanogenic activity by suppressing the p38 MAPK and PKA signaling pathways [PMID:23981281].
Clinical evidence
Evidence BChronic Fatigue
SHT was evaluated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial for patients with chronic fatigue of unknown cause (FSS score ≥4) [PMID:39669697].
Evidence DAcute Hepatotoxicity (Rat Model)
SHT fermented with Lactobacillus fermentum significantly attenuated the increase of serum transaminases and diminished liver histological changes induced by carbon tetrachloride [PMID:22468011].
Safety & adverse effects
In a 4-week repeated oral dose toxicity study in rats, SHT did not induce toxic effects at dose levels up to 2000 mg/kg/day; however, changes in food intake, reticulocyte, total bilirubin, and relative organ weights were observed at 5000 mg/kg/day [PMID:31223325].
Drug interactions
In vitro assays indicate that SHT inhibits the activities of CYP1A2 and CYP2E1, while showing negligible inhibition of CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP3A4, UGT1A1, UGT1A4, and UGT2B7 [PMID:32186076].
Evidence summary
Evidence consists of in vitro studies, animal models (rats), and one clinical trial. Safety is supported in animal models up to 2000 mg/kg, and specific enzyme inhibition profiles are identified in vitro.
PubMed sources
- 1.PMID: 32186076 (2018) — Inhibitory potential of three Yin-tonification herbal formulas on the activities of human major cytochrome P450 and UDP- glucuronosyltransferases isozymes in vitro. · Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan
- 2.PMID: 39669697 (2024) — Efficacy and safety of herbal medicine Gongjin-Dan and Ssanghwa-Tang in patients with chronic fatigue: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. · Integrative medicine research
- 3.PMID: 22468011 (2011) — Protective effect of Ssanghwa-tang fermented by Lactobacillus fermentum against carbon tetrachloride-induced acute hepatotoxicity in rats. · African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM
- 4.PMID: 31223325 (2019) — A 4-Week Repeated Oral Dose Toxicity Study of Ssanghwa-Tang in Crl:CD Sprague Dawley Rats. · Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM
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