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PubMed · Leaf crinkle disease in urdbean (Vigna mungo L. Hepper): An overview on causal agent, vector and host. (2016)
PubMed · Phytoremediation efficiency of Vigna mungo with the amalgamation of indigenous metal tolerant bacterial strain on metal polluted agriculture soil. (2023)
Reviewed by: HerbAlly Editorial Team, Medical herbalists and healthcare professionals
Vigna mungo, known as black gram, supports nerve health primarily through its dense nutritional profile. It contains significant B vitamins essential for neurotransmitter synthesis and myelin sheath maintenance, along with protein providing amino acids for nerve tissue repair. In Ayurvedic tradition, Vigna mungo is considered a warming tonic that strengthens majja dhatu (nerve tissue). The iron and calcium content additionally supports oxygen delivery and neuromuscular function. Evidence level: C (traditional and preliminary evidence).
Does Vigna mungo interact with any medications?
No significant drug interactions have been documented for Vigna mungo when consumed as food. However, its high fiber content may potentially reduce absorption of certain oral medications if consumed simultaneously. Patients taking antidiabetic medications should monitor blood glucose, as the legume's carbohydrate content may affect glycemic response. Those on potassium-binding resins or phosphate binders should consult healthcare providers due to the legume's mineral content. Evidence level: C.
What is the recommended dosage of Vigna mungo?
Vigna mungo is primarily consumed as a food rather than a standardized medicinal preparation. In Ayurvedic practice, it is traditionally prepared as dal (split lentil dishes) or whole grain preparations. A typical serving is 30-50 grams of dry weight daily as part of a balanced diet. For therapeutic purposes addressing nerve weakness or musculoskeletal conditions, traditional practitioners may recommend specific preparations tailored to individual constitution. No standardized clinical dosage has been established. Evidence level: Traditional.
Is Vigna mungo safe during pregnancy?
Vigna mungo is considered safe during pregnancy when consumed as food in normal dietary amounts. It provides beneficial nutrients including protein, iron, calcium, and B vitamins that support maternal health and fetal development. The legume has been traditionally consumed by pregnant women in South Asian cultures without reported adverse effects. Proper cooking is essential to reduce digestive discomfort. Pregnant women with kidney disease or gout should consult healthcare providers before consumption. Evidence level: C (traditional use).
What is Vigna mungo used for in Ayurvedic medicine?
In Ayurvedic medicine, Vigna mungo (black gram) is valued for its warming properties and is used as a nerve tonic and strength-building food. Traditional applications include addressing nerve weakness, supporting musculoskeletal conditions, improving sexual vitality, and promoting overall tissue nourishment. It is considered particularly beneficial for individuals with Vata constitution due to its grounding and warming qualities. The legume serves as both a therapeutic food and a staple protein source. Evidence level: C (traditional use).
What are the side effects of Vigna mungo?
Common side effects of Vigna mungo include bloating and flatulence due to its high fiber and oligosaccharide content, particularly when improperly prepared. Soaking and thorough cooking can reduce these effects. Individuals with gout should exercise caution, as the legume contains moderate purine levels that may trigger flares. Those with kidney disease should limit intake due to its phosphorus content. Legume allergies, though uncommon, can cause reactions in susceptible individuals. Evidence level: C.
PubMed-compiled information sheet
This sheet was compiled from PubMed (NIH) abstracts using AI assistance. Every factual claim is cited to a real PubMed article (see the source list). It has not yet been human-reviewed — confirm with a healthcare provider before use.
Compiled from 30 PubMed articles · model: gemma4:31b
Summary
Vigna mungo, commonly known as black gram or urad dal, is a highly nutritious grain legume crop primarily grown in South and Southeast Asia [PMID:38288416, PMID:40371400].
Background
Vigna mungo is a member of the Fabaceae family and is an important annual pulse crop with economic, nutritional, and ecological significance [PMID:40371400, PMID:39374376]. It is a diploid legume cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions [PMID:36338960].
Traditional uses
It is traditionally used for the treatment of strangulated bowel syndrome, dyspepsia, constipation, neuropathy, hepatopathy, gastritis, diarrhea, rheumatism, and diabetes [PMID:40371400].
Active compounds
Vigna mungo contains phytochemicals including alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins, phenolic compounds, fatty acids, carbohydrates, amino acids, vitamins, and carotenoids [PMID:40371400]. Specific bioactive compounds identified in the husk include gallic acid, gentisic acid, ferulic acid, and vitexin [PMID:40077549].
Mechanism of action
Extracts from black gram husk demonstrate antioxidant activity and the ability to inhibit starch digestive enzymes by showing binding affinity to α-glucosidase, which delays enzyme activity [PMID:40077549, PMID:35185178].
Clinical evidence
Evidence BGlycaemic response
Meals based on semolina-black gram dhal elicited a significantly lower blood glucose response at 2 hours postprandially compared to a 50 g glucose load [PMID:1445824]
Safety & adverse effects
Allergic reactions induced by Vigna mungo proteins have been reported in Asia and Australia; studies in BALB/c mice and RBL-2H3 cells showed enhanced levels of specific IgE, IgG1/IgG2a, and histamine, as well as pathological indications in the lungs, intestine, and spleen [PMID:25172175].
Evidence summary
The available evidence consists primarily of botanical reviews, genomic studies, and animal/in-vitro research. Clinical evidence is limited to a single small-scale trial regarding glycaemic index.
PubMed sources
1.PMID: 38288416 (2023) — Genetics, genomics, and breeding of black gram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]. · Frontiers in plant science
2.PMID: 36338960 (2022) — Vignette of Vigna domestication: From archives to genomics. · Frontiers in genetics
3.PMID: 39374376 (2024) — Mutation profiling through whole genome sequencing of electron beam-induced black gram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) mutant. · International journal of radiation biology
4.PMID: 1445824 (1992) — Glycaemic index of conventional carbohydrate meals. · The British journal of nutrition
5.PMID: 40371400 (2025) — Vigna mungo (Linn.) Hepper: ethnobotanical, pharmacological, phytochemical, and nutritious profile. · Phytochemistry reviews : proceedings of the Phytochemical Society of Europe
Government sources
No direct government monograph is available for this herb. The content below is AI-generated and has not been verified against an authoritative government source. Use the search links to check official sources before relying on this information.
6.PMID: 25172175 (2014) — Allergic manifestation by black gram (Vigna mungo) proteins in allergic patients, BALB/c mice and RBL-2H3 cells. · International immunopharmacology
7.PMID: 35185178 (2022) — Assessment of the prebiotic potential of seed coats from green gram (Vigna radiata) and black gram (Vigna mungo). · Journal of food science and technology
8.PMID: 40077549 (2025) — Black Gram (Vigna mungo L.) Husk as a Source of Bioactive Compounds: An Evaluation of Starch Digestive Enzyme Inhibition Effects. · Foods (Basel, Switzerland)