Cay Xao Tam Phan (Paramignya trimera): Benefits, Dosage, Safety & Evidence

Questions fréquentes

How does Cay Xao Tam Phan work to protect the liver?

Cay Xao Tam Phan contains flavonoids, coumarins, and terpenoids that exhibit hepatoprotective properties through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. These active compounds help neutralize free radicals, reduce oxidative stress on hepatocytes, and may modulate inflammatory pathways involved in liver damage. The herb's alkaloids may also support liver cell regeneration and improve liver enzyme profiles. Evidence Level: C (preliminary in vitro and animal studies).

Does Cay Xao Tam Phan interact with any medications?

Limited clinical data exists on drug interactions for Cay Xao Tam Phan. Due to its hepatoprotective and metabolic effects, it may theoretically interact with hepatotoxic medications, chemotherapy agents, immunosuppressants, or drugs metabolized by the liver. Patients taking prescription medications, particularly for liver conditions or cancer treatment, should consult a qualified healthcare provider before combining with this herb. Evidence Level: C (theoretical based on pharmacological properties).

What is the recommended dosage of Cay Xao Tam Phan bark?

The traditional adult dosage of Cay Xao Tam Phan is 6-15 grams of dried bark prepared as a tea or decoction daily. This amount may be divided into 2-3 doses throughout the day. Preparation typically involves simmering the bark in water for 15-20 minutes. Dosage should be individualized based on health status and supervised by a qualified healthcare practitioner. Evidence Level: Traditional use.

Is Cay Xao Tam Phan safe to use during pregnancy?

Cay Xao Tam Phan is contraindicated during pregnancy and should not be used by pregnant women. The herb contains bioactive compounds including alkaloids and coumarins that may affect fetal development or stimulate uterine contractions. Women who are breastfeeding should also avoid this herb due to insufficient safety data. Evidence Level: C (traditional contraindication, insufficient human safety data).

What conditions is Cay Xao Tam Phan traditionally used to treat?

Cay Xao Tam Phan (Paramignya trimera) is traditionally used in Vietnamese medicine for liver conditions including hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and as an adjunct support in liver cancer care. It is also used for immune system support and general hepatoprotection. The bark is the primary medicinal part used, prepared as a tea or decoction. Evidence Level: C (traditional use with preliminary pharmacological research).

Fiche d'information compilée à partir de PubMed

Cette fiche a été compilée à partir de résumés PubMed (NIH) avec l'assistance d'une IA. Chaque affirmation factuelle est citée par un article PubMed réel (voir la liste des sources). Elle n'a pas encore été révisée par un humain — confirmez auprès d'un professionnel de santé avant utilisation.

Compilé à partir de 26 articles PubMed · modèle : gemma4:31b

Résumé

Cay Xao Tam Phan (Paramignya trimera) is a Vietnamese medicinal plant used traditionally to treat liver diseases and cancer [PMID:28245363, PMID:33303786].

Contexte

Paramignya trimera (Oliv.) Burkill is a species of the genus Paramignya (Rutaceae) found primarily in the Khanh Hoa and Lam Dong provinces of Vietnam [PMID:33303786].

Usages traditionnels

It is used as a traditional medicine in Vietnam for the treatment of cancer, cancer-like ailments, and liver diseases such as viral hepatitis and acute and chronic cirrhosis [PMID:28122160, PMID:28245363, PMID:38866495].

Composés actifs

Identified compounds include coumarins (such as ostruthin, 8-geranylumbelliferone, and paratrimerins A-Z) [PMID:28245363, PMID:34411570, PMID:36008765], acridone alkaloids (paratrimerin I) [PMID:32496136], saponins, phenolics, flavonoids, and proanthocyanidins [PMID:28029227], and triterpenoids (paramignyene) [PMID:39937167].

Mécanisme d'action

Compounds such as 8-geranylumbelliferone and ostruthin target IKKβ upon TNFR1 ligation, inhibiting TNF-induced IKK phosphorylation and facilitating RIPK1-dependent apoptosis and necroptosis [PMID:34411570]. In silico studies suggest potential targets for lung cancer include PIK3CA, AKT1, MAPK3, MAPK1, TP53, and RELA [PMID:40547649].

Preuves cliniques

Preuve DBreast Cancer (MCF-7)

Paratrimerin I showed submicromolar cytotoxicity (IC50 0.26 µM) [PMID:32496136]; methanol root extract demonstrated toxicity in 3D multicellular tumor spheres [PMID:29687285].

Preuve DPancreatic Cancer

Root extract (100-200 µg/ml) showed significantly higher cytotoxic potential than its fractions [PMID:28029227] and impressive cytotoxic capacity against BxPc3 and CFPAC1 cell lines [PMID:30880785].

Preuve DHepatocellular Carcinoma (HepG2/Hep3B)

Paratrimerin I showed submicromolar cytotoxicity against HepG2 (IC50 0.43 µM) [PMID:32496136], while paratrimerin Z did not show cytotoxicity against Hep3B [PMID:36008765].

Preuve DInflammation

Isolated compounds from stems inhibited nitrite and PGE2 concentrations and suppressed iNOS and COX-2 protein expression in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells [PMID:28245363].

Preuve DBacterial Infections

Leaf essential oils inhibited Staphylococcus aureus (MIC 2% v/v) [PMID:32344551], and peel extracts showed antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa, Salmonella sp., and S. aureus [PMID:34513112].

Sécurité et effets indésirables

Leaf essential oils showed no cytotoxicity on normal cells (MT-4, BHK-21, MDBK, and Vero-76) [PMID:32344551].

Synthèse des preuves

The current evidence is limited to in vitro cell culture studies, in silico modeling, and animal models (rats). There are no human clinical trials provided in the abstracts.

Sources PubMed

1.PMID: 28245363 (2017) — Anti-inflammatory coumarins from Paramignya trimera. · Pharmaceutical biology
2.PMID: 29687285 (2020) — Anti-cancer Effect of Xao Tam Phan Paramignya trimera Methanol Root Extract on Human Breast Cancer Cell Line MCF-7 in 3D Model. · Advances in experimental medicine and biology
3.PMID: 33303786 (2020) — Phylogenetic relationship of Paramignya trimera and its relatives: an evidence for the wide sexual compatibility. · Scientific reports
4.PMID: 28029227 (2017) — Physicochemical, Antioxidant, and Cytotoxic Properties of Xao Tam Phan (Paramignya trimera) Root Extract and Its Fractions. · Chemistry & biodiversity
5.PMID: 28122160 (2017) — Physicochemical Properties, Antioxidant and Anti-proliferative Capacities of Dried Leaf and Its Extract from Xao tam phan (Paramignya trimera).

Cay Xao Tam Phan

Sources et citations

Calculer une dose sûre de Cay Xao Tam Phan

Kheemp Tibetan

Ligustrum japonicum

Ganoderma Tsugae

Questions fréquentes

Résumé

Contexte

Usages traditionnels

Composés actifs

Mécanisme d'action

Preuves cliniques

Sécurité et effets indésirables

Synthèse des preuves

Sources PubMed

Sources gouvernementales

Cay Xao Tam Phan

Sources et citations

Calculer une dose sûre de Cay Xao Tam Phan

Plantes associées

Kheemp Tibetan

Ligustrum japonicum

Ganoderma Tsugae

Questions fréquentes

Résumé

Contexte

Usages traditionnels

Composés actifs

Mécanisme d'action

Preuves cliniques

Sécurité et effets indésirables

Synthèse des preuves

Sources PubMed

Sources gouvernementales