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Cinnamomum cassia
The young twigs of cassia used in TCM to warm the exterior, unblock the collaterals, and harmonize Ying and Wei.
Gui Zhi (Cinnamomum cassia twigs) is a warming herb in Traditional Chinese Medicine used to treat exterior cold patterns, promote circulation, and harmonize the defensive and nutritive qi. Its primary active compounds include cinnamaldehyde, cinnamic acid, procyanidins, and coumarin, which contribute to vasodilating, diaphoretic, anti-inflammatory, and antispasmodic effects. Modern evidence is limited (Level C), but it is commonly used for conditions such as common cold, muscle pain, and palpitations.
Cinnamaldehyde activates TRPA1 and TRPV1 receptors on sensory neurons, inducing vasodilation and diaphoresis via increased cutaneous blood flow and sweat gland stimulation. It also inhibits NF-κB and COX-2 pathways, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Cinnamic acid exhibits antiplatelet activity through inhibition of thromboxane A2 synthesis, while procyanidins provide antioxidant effects by scavenging free radicals and modulating endothelial nitric oxide synthase. These combined actions support its traditional uses for circulation and pain.
The young twigs of cassia used in TCM to warm the exterior, unblock the collaterals, and harmonize Ying and Wei.
Gui Zhi (Cinnamomum cassia twigs) is a warming herb in Traditional Chinese Medicine used to treat exterior cold patterns, promote circulation, and harmonize the defensive and nutritive qi. Its primary active compounds include cinnamaldehyde, cinnamic acid, procyanidins, and coumarin, which contribute to vasodilating, diaphoretic, anti-inflammatory, and antispasmodic effects. Modern evidence is limited (Level C), but it is commonly used for conditions such as common cold, muscle pain, and palpitations.
Cinnamaldehyde activates TRPA1 and TRPV1 receptors on sensory neurons, inducing vasodilation and diaphoresis via increased cutaneous blood flow and sweat gland stimulation. It also inhibits NF-κB and COX-2 pathways, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Cinnamic acid exhibits antiplatelet activity through inhibition of thromboxane A2 synthesis, while procyanidins provide antioxidant effects by scavenging free radicals and modulating endothelial nitric oxide synthase. These combined actions support its traditional uses for circulation and pain.