Ce produit n'est pas destiné à diagnostiquer, traiter, guérir ou prévenir toute maladie. Ces déclarations n'ont pas été évaluées par la Food and Drug Administration.
Ces informations sont fournies à titre éducatif uniquement et ne remplacent pas un avis médical professionnel, un diagnostic ou un traitement. Consultez toujours votre professionnel de santé avant d'utiliser des plantes, surtout si vous êtes enceinte, allaitez, prenez des médicaments ou avez une condition médicale.
PubMed · A Review of the Phytochemistry, Molecular Docking, Pharmacology, Toxicology, Ethnopharmacology, Botany, and Clinical Studies of <i>Maytenus senegalensis</i> (Lam.) Excell. (2025)
PubMed · The effect of an anti-malarial herbal remedy, Maytenus senegalensis, on electrocardiograms of healthy Tanzanian volunteers. (2024)
Révisé par : HerbAlly Editorial Team, Medical herbalists and healthcare professionals
Dernière mise à jour : April 2026
Calculer une dose sûre de Maytenus Senegalensis
Calculateur gratuit de posologie — doses adultes et enfants selon le poids.
Maytenus senegalensis exerts its effects through active compounds like maytansine, sesquiterpenes, and flavonoids. Maytansine is a potent cytotoxic agent that inhibits microtubule formation, preventing cell division, which supports its antimicrobial and potential anticancer properties. Additionally, tannins and flavonoids provide astringent and anti-inflammatory actions, making the herb effective for soothing digestive complaints and abdominal pain (Evidence Level: C/Traditional).
Does Maytenus senegalensis interact with other medications?
There is limited clinical documentation on specific drug interactions for Maytenus senegalensis. However, due to the cytotoxic nature of maytansine, this herb should be used with extreme caution alongside chemotherapy drugs or immunosuppressants. Because it affects liver metabolic pathways, it may alter the pharmacokinetics of other liver-metabolized drugs. Patients on prescription medication should consult a healthcare provider before use (Evidence Level: D).
What is the correct dosage for Maytenus senegalensis?
The traditional adult dosage involves taking one cup of a root bark decoction twice daily. To prepare, the root bark is boiled in water. Due to the presence of cytotoxic compounds, usage should be restricted to short-term applications unless supervised by a professional. Exceeding the recommended dosage increases the risk of nausea and cytotoxicity (Evidence Level: Traditional).
Can I take Maytenus senegalensis while pregnant?
No, Maytenus senegalensis is unsafe during pregnancy and breastfeeding. The plant contains maytansine, a compound known for its cytotoxic effects, which can harm fetal development and induce miscarriage. Due to these potent cytotoxic properties, it is also contraindicated for children. Women who are pregnant or trying to conceive must avoid this herb entirely (Evidence Level: C/D).
What is Maytenus senegalensis used to treat?
Traditionally, Maytenus senegalensis is used to treat digestive complaints, sexually transmitted infections, and abdominal pain. The roots and leaves are the primary parts used for their antimicrobial and liver-protective properties. While ethnobotanical use is extensive for liver disorders and infections, scientific validation remains limited, warranting cautious use under professional guidance (Evidence Level: C).
Fiche d'information compilée à partir de PubMed
Cette fiche a été compilée à partir de résumés PubMed (NIH) avec l'assistance d'une IA. Chaque affirmation factuelle est citée par un article PubMed réel (voir la liste des sources). Elle n'a pas encore été révisée par un humain — confirmez auprès d'un professionnel de santé avant utilisation.
Compilé à partir de 30 articles PubMed · modèle : gemma4:31b
Résumé
Maytenus senegalensis is an African shrub or tree used in traditional medicine to treat infectious and inflammatory diseases [PMID:22470236]. It has demonstrated antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, and antiplasmodial activities in various studies [PMID:38609987, PMID:20670987, PMID:20734703].
Contexte
Maytenus senegalensis (Lam.) Exell, also known as Gymnosporia senegalensis (Lam.) Loes, is a member of the Celastraceae family distributed primarily in the savannah regions of tropical Africa [PMID:22470236, PMID:40001500].
Usages traditionnels
Traditional uses include the treatment of malaria, tuberculosis, rheumatism, diarrhea [PMID:40001500], dysmenorrhea in Mali [PMID:22754061], and gastrointestinal disorders and intestinal worms [PMID:29716590]. It is also used for infectious and inflammatory diseases [PMID:22470236].
Composés actifs
Identified biomolecules include maytenoic acid [PMID:16860550, PMID:5115253], maytansine [PMID:28385670], mayselignoside, benzoyl R-(+)-malic acid, (+)-lyoniresinol, (-)-isolariciresinol, dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol, and β-amyrin [PMID:25230985]. Other analyzed compounds include isomintlactone, pristimerin, and jacareubin [PMID:40001500]. Tannins and flavonoids are also implicated in its biological effects [PMID:29716590].
Mécanisme d'action
Maytenoic acid has demonstrated a dose-dependent antiphlogistic effect [PMID:16860550]. The plant's anthelmintic activity against Haemonchus contortus is partly attributed to polyphenol content, specifically tannins and flavonoids [PMID:29716590, PMID:28262394].
Preuves cliniques
Preuve BMalaria
Whole extract demonstrated strong antimalarial activity in vitro and in vivo [PMID:38609987]; ethanolic root extract significantly reduced parasitaemia in mice in a dose-dependent manner [PMID:25890324].
Preuve DInflammation
Leaf extracts exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity in rats, reducing carrageenan-induced paw oedema by 35% [PMID:20670987]; root extracts showed topical anti-inflammatory potency similar to indomethacin [PMID:16860550].
Preuve DHIV-1 Protease
Methanol and aqueous stem-bark extracts showed considerable inhibitory effects against HIV-1 protease [PMID:10189947].
Sécurité et effets indésirables
In a dose-escalation study of 12 healthy Tanzanian males, no deaths or serious adverse events occurred, and no events led to premature discontinuation [PMID:36548651]. However, significant mean changes were observed in WBC, neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, alanine aminotransferase, creatinine, and total bilirubin [PMID:36548651]. Some toxicity was indicated in extracts in mice [PMID:20670987], though ethanolic root extract was found non-toxic with an oral median lethal dose >1,600 mg/kg [PMID:25890324]. Additionally, the plant has been found to contain heavy metals including arsenic, chromium, lead, and nickel [PMID:22632043].
Interactions médicamenteuses
Methanolic extracts of M. senegalensis (L/RB) showed statistically significant effects when used in combination with chloroquine against CQ-tolerant Plasmodium berghei NK65 in mice [PMID:17145149].
Synthèse des preuves
Evidence is primarily based on in vitro and in vivo animal models (Level D) and limited early-phase human safety/tolerability trials (Level B). While antimalarial and anti-inflammatory activities are well-documented in preclinical settings, large-scale clinical efficacy trials are lacking.
Sources PubMed
1.PMID: 22470236 (2011) — Maytenus heterophylla and Maytenus senegalensis, two traditional herbal medicines. · Journal of natural science, biology, and medicine
2.PMID: 22754061 (2011) — Medicinal plants traditionally used in Mali for dysmenorrhea. · African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM
3.PMID: 34433465 (2021) — Antiplasmodial, antimalarial activities and toxicity of African medicinal plants: a systematic review of literature. · Malaria journal
4.PMID: 38609987 (2024) — The effect of an anti-malarial herbal remedy, Maytenus senegalensis, on electrocardiograms of healthy Tanzanian volunteers. · Malaria journal
5.PMID: 20670987 (2011) — In vivo anti-inflammatory effect and toxicological screening of Maytenus heterophylla and Maytenus senegalensis extracts.
Sources gouvernementales
Aucune monographie gouvernementale directe n'est disponible pour cette plante. Le contenu ci-dessous est généré par IA et n'a pas été vérifié par rapport à une source gouvernementale faisant autorité. Utilisez les liens de recherche pour consulter les sources officielles avant de vous fier à ces informations.
6.PMID: 40001500 (2025) — A Review of the Phytochemistry, Molecular Docking, Pharmacology, Toxicology, Ethnopharmacology, Botany, and Clinical Studies of Maytenus senegalensis (Lam.) Excell. · Biomolecules
7.PMID: 36548651 (2022) — Safety and Tolerability of an Antimalarial Herbal Remedy in Healthy Volunteers: An Open-Label, Single-Arm, Dose-Escalation Study on Maytenus senegalensis in Tanzania. · Tropical medicine and infectious disease
8.PMID: 5115253 (1971) — Structure elucidation of maytenonic acid, a new triterpene from Maytenus senegalensis (celastraceae). · Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
9.PMID: 35862395 (2022) — Motivations and barriers for healthy participants to participate in herbal remedy clinical trial in Tanzania: A qualitative study based on the theory of planned behaviour. · PloS one
10.PMID: 26419958 (2015) — Mutual positive effects between shrubs in an arid ecosystem. · Scientific reports
11.PMID: 29716590 (2018) — In vitro effects of aqueous extract from Maytenus senegalensis (Lam.) Exell stem bark on egg hatching, larval migration and adult worms of Haemonchus contortus. · BMC veterinary research
12.PMID: 28385670 (2017) — Spatial profiling of maytansine during the germination process of Maytenus senegalensis seeds. · Fitoterapia
14.PMID: 41291435 (2025) — Habitat factors and traits shape plant-pollinator interactions in a semi-arid landscape. · BMC ecology and evolution
15.PMID: 20734703 (2009) — Antiplasmodial, anti-trypanosomal, anti-leishmanial and cytotoxicity activity of selected Tanzanian medicinal plants. · Tanzania journal of health research
16.PMID: 25890324 (2015) — In vivo antiplasmodial and toxicological effect of Maytenus senegalensis traditionally used in the treatment of malaria in Tanzania. · Malaria journal
17.PMID: 25230985 (2015) — New neolignan glycoside and an unusual benzoyl malic acid derivative from Maytenus senegalensis leaves. · Natural product research
18.PMID: 26002768 (2015) — Antiplasmodial potential of traditional antimalarial phytotherapy remedies used by the Kwale community of the Kenyan Coast. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
19.PMID: 12787952 (2003) — Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of some plants used for medicinal purposes in Kenya. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
20.PMID: 28262394 (2017) — The in vitro anthelmintic properties of browse plant species against Haemonchus contortus is determined by the polyphenol content and composition. · Veterinary parasitology
21.PMID: 18063330 (2008) — Evaluation of Senegalese plants used in malaria treatment: focus on Chrozophora senegalensis. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
22.PMID: 22632043 (2012) — Determination of potentially toxic heavy metals in traditionally used medicinal plants for HIV/AIDS opportunistic infections in Ngamiland District in Northern Botswana. · Analytica chimica acta
23.PMID: 16860550 (2007) — Anti-inflammatory activity of Maytenus senegalensis root extracts and of maytenoic acid. · Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
24.PMID: 41122278 (2025) — Ecological Factors Influence Diversity, Structure, and Regeneration Status of Woody Plant Species in Basso Subwatershed, Gamo Zone, Ethiopia. · Scientifica
25.PMID: 17145149 (2007) — Antimalarial activity of methanolic extracts from plants used in Kenyan ethnomedicine and their interactions with chloroquine (CQ) against a CQ-tolerant rodent parasite, in mice. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
26.PMID: 41674905 (2025) — Soil microbial communities in contrasting environments show a common core of species linked to Maytenus senegalensis shrubs. · Frontiers in microbiology
27.PMID: 10189947 (1999) — Inhibitory effects of Sudanese plant extracts on HIV-1 replication and HIV-1 protease. · Phytotherapy research : PTR
28.PMID: 23663902 (2013) — Evaluation of pharmacological activities, cytotoxicity and phenolic composition of four Maytenus species used in southern African traditional medicine to treat intestinal infections and diarrhoeal diseases. · BMC complementary and alternative medicine
29.PMID: 27896860 (2017) — Preference of goats (Capra hircus L.) for tanniniferous browse species available in semi-arid areas in Ethiopia. · Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition