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PubMed · An ethnomedicinal, phytochemical and pharmacological profile of Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC. and Desmodium adscendens (Sw.) DC. (2011)
PubMed · Crude extract of <i>Desmodium gangeticum</i> process anticancer activity via arresting cell cycle in G1 and modulating cell cycle-related protein expression in A549 human lung carcinoma cells. (2022)
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This sheet was compiled from PubMed (NIH) abstracts using AI assistance. Every factual claim is cited to a real PubMed article (see the source list). It has not yet been human-reviewed — confirm with a healthcare provider before use.
Compiled from 30 PubMed articles · model: gemma4:31b
Summary
Desmodium gangeticum, known as Shalaparni, is an endangered medicinal herb used in Ayurvedic medicine as a tonic and for treating inflammatory and neurological conditions [PMID:21530632, PMID:39865705].
Background
Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC. is a perennial non-climbing herb or shrub from the Leguminosae family (Fabaceae subfamily) [PMID:34692854, PMID:39865705]. It is a key ingredient in the Laghupanchamoola and Dashamoola Ayurvedic formulations [PMID:23723675, PMID:39865705].
Traditional uses
In the Ayurvedic system, it is used as a tonic, febrifuge, digestive, anticatarrhal, antiemitic, and for inflammatory conditions of the chest and other inflammatory states [PMID:21530632]. It is also traditionally used for neurological disorders [PMID:16946593].
Active compounds
Bioactive compounds include Gangetinoid, Gangetinin, N,N-tryptamine, Kaempferol, Quercetin [PMID:39865705], as well as caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid [PMID:17604372, PMID:19839141]. Other identified constituents include gangenoid (a bisindole alkaloid) and (17Z,20Z)-hexacosa-17,20-dien-9-one [PMID:23336435], and flavonoids such as desmocarpin and desmodin [PMID:36515031].
Mechanism of action
The herb exhibits antioxidant activity by scavenging hydroxyl radicals, nitric oxide, and DPPH, and by augmenting SOD, CAT, and GPX activities [PMID:14519948, PMID:17604372]. In lung cancer cells (A549), it acts by arresting the cell cycle in G1 and modulating cell cycle-related protein expression [PMID:35836974]. Cardioprotective effects may be mediated via muscarinic receptor agonist-like action [PMID:22575976] and preservation of mitochondrial and sarcoplasmic ATPase [PMID:21969747]. Antidiabetic activity is associated with increased insulin secretion from MIN6 cells [PMID:17431824].
Clinical evidence
Evidence DDiabetes
Aerial part extract significantly reduced blood glucose and increased insulin secretion in diabetic rats [PMID:17431824].
Evidence DCognitive Impairment/Amnesia
Aqueous extract showed nootropic (antiamnesic) effects in mice by affecting whole brain AChE activity [PMID:16946593].
Evidence DGastric Ulcers
Ethanolic extract markedly decreased the incidence of ulcers in cold restraint, aspirin, alcohol, and pyloric ligation models in rats [PMID:15991576].
Evidence DMyocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury
Root extracts improved cardiac function and reduced lactate dehydrogenase and malondialdehyde levels in rat hearts [PMID:20180993, PMID:21969747].
Evidence DInflammation/Pain
Water decoction of root and aerial parts caused dose-dependent inhibition of carrageenin-induced swelling and increased analgesia in acetic acid-induced writhing [PMID:15507346].
Evidence D
Safety & adverse effects
Acute toxicity studies in mice for Laghupanchamula formulations (containing Shalaparni) were conducted, but specific adverse effects for D. gangeticum alone were not detailed in the provided abstracts [PMID:25364205, PMID:26834423].
Evidence summary
The current evidence is primarily based on in vitro studies and animal models (Level D), demonstrating significant pharmacological potential for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and cardioprotective activities. No human clinical trials were provided.
PubMed sources
1.PMID: 21530632 (2011) — An ethnomedicinal, phytochemical and pharmacological profile of Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC. and Desmodium adscendens (Sw.) DC. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
2.PMID: 23723675 (2012) — A comparative pharmacognostical profile of Desmodium gangeticum DC. and Desmodium laxiflorum DC. · Ayu
3.PMID: 34792750 (2022) — Evaluation of Substitution of Small Branches with Roots of Desmodium gangeticum (Physicochemical Analysis, HPLC, and GC-MS Profiling) and In Silico Study of Pterocarpans for Pharmacological Target. · Applied biochemistry and biotechnology
4.PMID: 34692854 (2021) — Pharmaco-chemical profiling of Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC. with special reference to soil chemistry. · Future journal of pharmaceutical sciences
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Water crude extract inhibited the growth of A549 human lung cancer cells via G1 cell cycle arrest [PMID:35836974].
(2012)
— A critical review on two types of Laghupanchamula.
· Ayu
6.PMID: 39865705 (2026) — A brief review on chemoprofling and pharmacological potential of Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC. · Natural product research
7.PMID: 35836974 (2022) — Crude extract of Desmodium gangeticum process anticancer activity via arresting cell cycle in G1 and modulating cell cycle-related protein expression in A549 human lung carcinoma cells. · BioMedicine
8.PMID: 16946593 (2006) — Antiamnesic effects of Desmodium gangeticum in mice. · Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan
9.PMID: 23336435 (2013) — Novel anti-inflammatory phytoconstituents from Desmodium gangeticum. · Natural product research
10.PMID: 14519948 (2003) — Studies on the antioxidant activities of Desmodium gangeticum. · Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin
11.PMID: 36515031 (2024) — Therapeutic Role of Desmodium Species on its Isolated Flavonoids. · Current molecular medicine
12.PMID: 17431824 (2007) — Effect of Desmodium gangeticum extract on blood glucose in rats and on insulin secretion in vitro. · Planta medica
13.PMID: 25364205 (2014) — Analgesic and hypnotic activities of Laghupanchamula: A preclinical study. · Ayu
14.PMID: 26834423 (2015) — Wound healing and antimicrobial activity of two classical formulations of Laghupanchamula in rats. · Journal of Ayurveda and integrative medicine
15.PMID: 38708490 (2025) — Establishment of callus cultures and quantification of Caffeic acid using HPTLC from Desmodium gangeticum (L.). · Natural product research
16.PMID: 20180993 (2010) — Antioxidant effects of ethyl acetate extract of Desmodium gangeticum root on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in rat hearts. · Chinese medicine
17.PMID: 15507346 (2004) — Anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activity of the water decoction Desmodium gangeticum. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
18.PMID: 19100816 (2009) — Molecular characterization of Desmodium species--an important ingredient of 'Dashmoola' by RAPD analysis. · Fitoterapia
19.PMID: 17604372 (2007) — Antiinflammatory and antioxidant activities of Desmodium gangeticum fractions in carrageenan-induced inflamed rats. · Phytotherapy research : PTR
20.PMID: 15991576 (2005) — Desmodium gangeticum: a potent anti-ulcer agent. · Indian journal of experimental biology
21.PMID: 21969747 (2010) — Role of Mitochondrial Enzymes and Sarcoplasmic ATPase in Cardioprotection Mediated by Aqueous Extract of Desmodium gangeticum (L) DC Root on Ischemic Reperfusion Injury. · Indian journal of pharmaceutical sciences
22.PMID: 38430634 (2024) — A multi-modal approach to investigate Desmodium gangeticum's influence on stress-induced male infertility: In vivo, in vitro, and in silico assessments. · Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie
23.PMID: 15763367 (2005) — Efficacy of Desmodium gangeticum extract and its fractions against experimental visceral leishmaniasis. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
24.PMID: 33321899 (2020) — Indian Medicinal Herbs and Formulations for Alzheimer's Disease, from Traditional Knowledge to Scientific Assessment. · Brain sciences
25.PMID: 39984097 (2025) — Alginate nanoparticles loaded with enriched polyphenols of Desmodium gangeticum alleviates diabetes induced oxidative and inflammatory stress in Rin-5F cells via GLUT2/IRS-1/NF-κB pathway. · International journal of biological macromolecules
26.PMID: 22575976 (2012) — Methanol extract of Desmodium gangeticum DC root mimetic post-conditioning effect in isolated perfused rat heart by stimulating muscarinic receptors. · Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine
27.PMID: 15740881 (2005) — Effect of aqueous extract of the Desmodium gangeticum DC root in the severity of myocardial infarction. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
28.PMID: 23973589 (2013) — Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticle from leaf extract of Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC. and its biomedical potential. · Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy
29.PMID: 19839141 (2006) — Antioxidant activity of Desmodium gangeticum and its phenolics in arthritic rats. · Acta pharmaceutica (Zagreb, Croatia)