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Valeriana officinalis
This herb is NOT recommended during pregnancy due to potential risks to the developing fetus.
This herb is NOT recommended while breastfeeding as effects on infants are unknown.
Consult your healthcare provider before use.
This herb may interact with medications you are taking. Review the interactions table below and consult your healthcare provider before use.
Valerian is a perennial flowering plant native to Europe and Asia, long valued for its sedative and anxiolytic properties. It has been used since ancient Greek and Roman times for insomnia and nervousness. The root is the primary medicinal part, known for its distinctive strong odor.
Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) root is the most studied herbal sleep aid, with over 200 trials. While individual studies are often positive, meta-analyses show mixed results. It's generally considered safe and non-habit forming.
Valerenic acid and isovaleric acid inhibit GABA-transaminase (GABA-T), increasing GABA availability. Other constituents (valepotriates, lignans) may contribute to sedative effects. Does NOT bind to benzodiazepine receptors.
Sleep latency reduction
Modest effect; may take 2-4 weeks
Sleep quality improvement
Subjective improvement in sleep quality
Anxiety reduction
Limited evidence for daytime anxiety
Menopausal sleep disturbance
Small RCTs show benefit
| Drug | Severity | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Zolpidem (Ambien) | Moderate | Valerian may enhance sedative effects of zolpidem, increasing drowsiness and next-day impairment. |
| Diazepam (Valium) | Severe | Valerian may enhance the sedative effects of benzodiazepines, causing excessive drowsiness, respiratory depression, and impaired motor function. |
| Lorazepam (Ativan) | Severe | Combining valerian with lorazepam increases risk of excessive sedation and CNS depression. |
| Alcohol | Moderate | Valerian combined with alcohol may cause additive CNS depression, increasing drowsiness and impaired coordination. |
| Alprazolam (Xanax) | Severe | Concurrent use of valerian and alprazolam may lead to excessive sedation and respiratory depression. |
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