How does Bai Ji work to stop bleeding?

Bai Ji (Bletilla striata) contains mucilaginous compounds called glycomannans and the hemostatic agent bletillin, which work together to promote blood clotting. When applied internally or externally, these compounds form a protective film over wounds and ulcers, accelerating platelet aggregation and wound contraction. The sticky polysaccharide content creates a physical barrier that helps seal bleeding vessels while simultaneously reducing inflammation at the site of injury. Evidence level: C (preclinical and traditional use data).

Does Bai Ji interact with blood thinners or other medications?

Bai Ji has hemostatic properties that may theoretically antagonize the effects of anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications such as warfarin, heparin, aspirin, and clopidogrel. Due to its ability to accelerate blood clotting, concurrent use could reduce the efficacy of blood-thinning medications. Additionally, the mucilaginous content may affect absorption of orally administered drugs. Patients taking anticoagulants should consult a healthcare provider before using Bai Ji. Evidence level: C/Theoretical.

What is the recommended dosage for Bai Ji?

The standard adult dosage of Bai Ji is 3-9 grams daily when taken internally as a decoction or powder. For hemostatic purposes, it is typically administered in divided doses. The herb can also be applied topically as a powder for wound healing and skin conditions. Dosage should be individualized based on the specific condition being treated and under guidance from a qualified practitioner. Evidence level: C/Traditional use.

Is Bai Ji safe to take during pregnancy?

Bai Ji is contraindicated during pregnancy and should be avoided. Traditional Chinese medicine principles consider it inappropriate for pregnant women, as its strong hemostatic and astringent properties may interfere with normal blood circulation required during pregnancy. There is insufficient safety data regarding use during breastfeeding. Women who are pregnant, planning pregnancy, or breastfeeding should not use Bai Ji without explicit guidance from a qualified healthcare provider. Evidence level: Traditional/Contraindicated.

What is Bai Ji used for in traditional Chinese medicine?

Bai Ji is primarily used in traditional Chinese medicine to stop bleeding, heal ulcers, and reduce swelling, particularly in the lungs and digestive tract. Common indications include hemoptysis (coughing up blood), peptic ulcers, gastric bleeding, and traumatic wounds. Its mucilaginous properties make it effective for protecting and healing damaged mucous membranes. Externally, it is applied for burns, sores, and cracked skin. Evidence level: C (limited clinical data, primarily traditional use).

Bai Ji (Bletilla striata)

Fiche d'information compilée à partir de PubMed

Cette fiche a été compilée à partir de résumés PubMed (NIH) avec l'assistance d'une IA. Chaque affirmation factuelle est citée par un article PubMed réel (voir la liste des sources). Elle n'a pas encore été révisée par un humain — confirmez auprès d'un professionnel de santé avant utilisation.

Compilé à partir de 30 articles PubMed · modèle : gemma4:31b

Résumé

Bletilla striata (Bai Ji) is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb known for its hemostatic, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing properties [PMID:27865796, PMID:37898246].

Contexte

Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb. f., also known as Hyacinth Orchid or Baiji, is a perennial plant from the Orchidaceae family [PMID:27865796, PMID:28276764].

Usages traditionnels

Traditionally used for the treatment of hematemesis, hemoptysis, traumatic bleeding, tuberculosis, pneumonophthisis, pneumonorrhagia, and hemorrhage of the stomach or lung [PMID:27865796, PMID:28276764]. It is also applied topically for ulcers, sores, swellings, chapped skin, hemorrhoids, anthrax, and eye diseases [PMID:27865796].

Composés actifs

The herb contains Bletilla striata polysaccharides (BSP), a linear β-(1→4)-glucomannan composed of mannose and glucose [PMID:41116515, PMID:42197196]. Other identified compounds include approximately 158 to 294 constituents, such as glucosides, bibenzyls, phenanthrenes, quinones, biphenanthrenes, dihydrophenanthrenes, anthocyanins, steroids, triterpenoids, phenolic acids, neolignan glycosides, and stilbenoids [PMID:31736742, PMID:40645542, PMID:37757922, PMID:30585518].

Mécanisme d'action

BSP alleviates ARDS by inhibiting NETs-induced pyroptosis in pulmonary alveolar macrophages via the PAD4 pathway [PMID:39954881]. In skin damage, it activates the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and suppresses ferroptosis by upregulating GPX4 and FTH1 [PMID:41116515]. It also inhibits the TNF-α/NF-κB pathway and upregulates IL-10 for anti-inflammatory effects [PMID:40368564]. In liver disease, it modulates the NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway [PMID:40626309] and enhances hepatocyte RelA/HNF1α signaling [PMID:39877717]. Gymconopin C regulates the miR-6777-5p/ADRB2 pathway to promote mitophagy in lung cancer cells [PMID:41423048].

Preuves cliniques

Preuve CPeptic Ulcer

Demonstrated notable clinical efficacy as a mucosa-protective agent [PMID:40904885, PMID:31736742]

Preuve DWound Healing

BSP-based hydrogels and sponges accelerate wound healing and exhibit high biocompatibility [PMID:31582069, PMID:36484704, PMID:32919631]

Preuve DAcute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

BSP significantly mitigated lung injury and reduced NETs in mouse models [PMID:39954881]

Preuve DMetabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MASLD)

BSP ameliorates liver injury and lipid deposition by decreasing NLRP3 inflammasome and enhancing RelA/HNF1α signaling [PMID:40626309, PMID:39877717]

Preuve DAndrogenetic Alopecia (AGA)

BSP improved hair growth cycle and follicle morphology in mice by inhibiting PTGS2 [PMID:41519340]

Sécurité et effets indésirables

BSP is described as having bio-safety and excellent biocompatibility [PMID:37898246, PMID:41116515].

Synthèse des preuves

The evidence consists primarily of in vitro studies and animal models (Level D) and literature reviews (Level C), focusing on the pharmacological activities of Bletilla striata polysaccharides (BSP) and isolated phytochemicals.

Sources PubMed

1.PMID: 39954881 (2025) — Bletilla striata polysaccharides alleviate ARDS by inhibiting NETs-induced pyroptosis in pulmonary alveolar macrophage through the PAD4 pathway. · International journal of biological macromolecules
2.PMID: 28276764 (2017) — Phenolic compounds from Bletilla striata. · Journal of Asian natural products research
3.PMID: 38686688 (2024) — A Multifunctional Herb-Derived Glycopeptide Hydrogel for Chronic Wound Healing. · Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
4.PMID: 27865796 (2017) — Bletilla striata: Medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
5.PMID: 41116515 (2025) — Bletilla striata polysaccharide protects against UVA-induced skin damage by activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling and inhibiting ferroptosis.

Bai Ji

Sources et citations