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PubMed · Existing knowledge on Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. (Euphorbiaceae): Traditional uses, clinical applications, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. (2021)
PubMed · Cytotoxic Diterpenoids from Euphorbia fischeriana. (2021)
Révisé par : HerbAlly Editorial Team, Medical herbalists and healthcare professionals
Dernière mise à jour : April 2026
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How does Euphorbia fischeriana work as an anti-tumor agent?
Euphorbia fischeriana exerts anti-tumor effects primarily through its diterpenoid compounds, such as jolkinol and fischerianin. These compounds induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) and inhibit tumor cell proliferation in laboratory settings. Evidence Level C suggests these mechanisms are supported by in vitro and animal studies rather than large-scale human clinical trials. Additionally, the herb's anti-inflammatory properties contribute to its traditional use in reducing swelling and edema associated with tumors.
Can Euphorbia fischeriana be taken with other medications?
Euphorbia fischeriana poses significant risks for drug interactions due to its high toxicity and severe gastrointestinal irritant properties. It may interfere with the absorption of oral medications or interact with hepatotoxic drugs, increasing liver strain. Because it is sometimes used alongside cancer treatments, professional supervision is critical to avoid dangerous interactions with chemotherapy agents. Internal use should never be combined with other medications without strict medical guidance.
What is the safe dosage for Euphorbia fischeriana?
The traditional internal dosage for Euphorbia fischeriana is strictly limited to 1-3 grams daily, but only under direct physician supervision. The herb requires precise processing to reduce toxicity, and the therapeutic window is very narrow. Self-medication is dangerous; even slight overdosing can cause severe gastrointestinal irritation and systemic toxicity. External applications vary in strength, but all usage requires professional guidance due to safety concerns.
Is Euphorbia fischeriana safe to use during pregnancy?
No, Euphorbia fischeriana is strictly contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding. The herb is highly toxic and contains compounds that can stimulate uterine contractions, potentially leading to miscarriage. Furthermore, its severe gastrointestinal irritant properties pose significant health risks to the mother. Safety data is limited, but the consensus is that the risks far outweigh any potential benefits, making it unsafe for pregnant individuals.
What are the side effects of taking Lang Du (Euphorbia fischeriana)?
Side effects of Euphorbia fischeriana are severe due to its high toxicity. Common adverse reactions include intense nausea, vomiting, and severe gastrointestinal irritation. In cases of overdose or improper preparation, users risk systemic toxicity, which can damage the liver and nervous system. It is contraindicated for those with pre-existing gastrointestinal conditions. Professional supervision is mandatory to mitigate these risks, as improper handling can lead to life-threatening complications.
Fiche d'information compilée à partir de PubMed
Cette fiche a été compilée à partir de résumés PubMed (NIH) avec l'assistance d'une IA. Chaque affirmation factuelle est citée par un article PubMed réel (voir la liste des sources). Elle n'a pas encore été révisée par un humain — confirmez auprès d'un professionnel de santé avant utilisation.
Compilé à partir de 30 articles PubMed · modèle : gemma4:31b
Résumé
Euphorbia fischeriana is a perennial herb used in traditional Chinese medicine, primarily recognized for its antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and antitubercular properties [PMID:33819505, 29439483].
Contexte
Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. (Euphorbiaceae) is a perennial herb distributed in grasslands, hill slopes, or gravel hillsides at altitudes of 100-600m [PMID:33819505].
Usages traditionnels
The roots are used in folk medicine to treat 'Zhushui', dyspepsia, abdominal distension, abdominal pain, cough, skin ulceration, lymph node tuberculosis, tumors, edema, and scabies [PMID:33819505, 40147679, 29439483, 29669996].
Composés actifs
The plant is rich in diterpenoids, including subtypes such as ent-abietane, daphnane, tigliane, ingenane, ent-atisane, ent-rosane, ent-kaurane, and lathyrane [PMID:29439483, 29669996]. Specific active compounds include Jolkinolide B, 12-Deoxyphorbol 13-palmitate (DP), and various phloroglucinol derivatives and triterpenoids [PMID:40616985, 33524514, 29324281, 40378412].
Mécanisme d'action
Antitumor mechanisms include the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest (G0/G1 phase) via modulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and upregulation of PTEN [PMID:27073468, 33524514]. Jolkinolide B inhibits M. tuberculosis by down-regulating 17 ribosomal proteins and interfering with protein synthesis [PMID:40616985]. Other mechanisms include the inhibition of Kv1.3 ion channels [PMID:37796721] and impact on NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy in hepatocellular carcinoma [PMID:40147679].
Preuves cliniques
Preuve DHepatocellular Carcinoma (Liver Cancer)
Root extract reduced tumor weight, tumor size, and hepatic index in H22 cell-induced mice models [PMID:37861961].
Preuve DAsthma
Jolkinolide B (10 mg/kg) attenuated allergic airway inflammation, reduced levels of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, and improved lung function in OVA-induced mice [PMID:38970271].
Preuve DVarious Cancers (In Vitro)
Diterpenoids showed cytotoxicity against HeLa, H460, Namalwa, MCF-7, HepG2, and prostate cancer (C4-2B) cell lines [PMID:33354895, 36661108, 36364087, 31325614, 35964805, 33359422].
Preuve DTuberculosis
Jolkinolide B exhibited antimycobacterial activity with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 3 μg/mL against M. tuberculosis H37Ra [PMID:40616985].
Sécurité et effets indésirables
The whole grass of E. fischeriana is toxic [PMID:33819505]. However, oral acute toxicity studies of certain solvent extracts demonstrated relatively low toxicity [PMID:37446834].
Synthèse des preuves
The majority of evidence is based on in vitro cell line assays and in vivo animal models (Level D), with some systematic reviews (Level C) summarizing traditional uses and phytochemistry. There are no human clinical trials (Level B) or meta-analyses (Level A) provided.
Sources PubMed
1.PMID: 33354895 (2021) — Cytotoxic Diterpenoids from Euphorbia fischeriana. · Chemistry & biodiversity
2.PMID: 36661108 (2023) — Antiproliferative ent-abietane diterpenoids from Euphorbia fischeriana. · Natural product research
3.PMID: 40147679 (2025) — Mechanism and molecular targets of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud root extract in hepatocellular carcinoma. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
4.PMID: 33819505 (2021) — Existing knowledge on Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. (Euphorbiaceae): Traditional uses, clinical applications, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
5.PMID: 29439483 (2018) — Anti-Cancer Activities of Diterpenoids Derived from Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. · Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
Sources gouvernementales
Aucune monographie gouvernementale directe n'est disponible pour cette plante. Le contenu ci-dessous est généré par IA et n'a pas été vérifié par rapport à une source gouvernementale faisant autorité. Utilisez les liens de recherche pour consulter les sources officielles avant de vous fier à ces informations.
6.PMID: 29324281 (2018) — Chemical profiling of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. by UHPLC-Q/TOF-MS. · Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
7.PMID: 37796721 (2023) — Diterpenoids from Euphorbia fischeriana with Kv1.3 Inhibitory Activity. · Journal of natural products
8.PMID: 29669996 (2018) — Structural Diversity and Biological Activities of Diterpenoids Derived from Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. · Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
9.PMID: 33524514 (2021) — DP from Euphorbia fischeriana S. mediated apoptosis in leukemia cells via the PI3k/Akt signaling pathways. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
10.PMID: 40616985 (2025) — Jolkinolide B inhibits mycobacterial growth by down-regulating ribosomal proteins and interfering with protein synthesis. · Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry
11.PMID: 36364087 (2022) — Ent-Abietane Diterpenoids from Euphorbia fischeriana and Their Cytotoxic Activities. · Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
12.PMID: 31325614 (2019) — Euphonoids A-G, cytotoxic diterpenoids from Euphorbia fischeriana. · Phytochemistry
13.PMID: 39119497 (2024) — Diterpenoids target SARS-CoV-2 RdRp from the roots of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. · Frontiers in plant science
14.PMID: 27073468 (2016) — Euphorbia fischeriana Steud inhibits malignant melanoma via modulation of the phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway. · Experimental and therapeutic medicine
15.PMID: 36087821 (2022) — Structurally diverse diterpenoids from the roots of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. · Fitoterapia
16.PMID: 31138021 (2021) — Bioactive tigliane diterpenoids from the latex of Euphorbia fischeriana. · Natural product research
17.PMID: 40378412 (2025) — Four new cytotoxic triterpenoids from Euphorbia fischeriana. · Natural product research
18.PMID: 33359422 (2021) — Daphnane-type diterpenoids from Euphorbia fischeriana Steud and their cytotoxic activities. · Fitoterapia
19.PMID: 22389143 (2012) — Anticancer drugs from traditional toxic Chinese medicines. · Phytotherapy research : PTR
20.PMID: 35807527 (2022) — Chemical Composition, Anti-Breast Cancer Activity and Extraction Techniques of Ent-Abietane Diterpenoids from Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. · Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
21.PMID: 38970271 (2024) — Jolkinolide B attenuates allergic airway inflammation and airway remodeling in asthmatic mice. · Allergologia et immunopathologia
22.PMID: 35349831 (2022) — Cytotoxic diterpenoid dimer containing an intricately caged core from Euphorbia fischeriana. · Bioorganic chemistry
23.PMID: 37446834 (2023) — Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant Activities In Vitro and In Vivo, and Theoretical Calculation of Different Extracts of Euphorbia fischeriana. · Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
24.PMID: 32559489 (2020) — Antiproliferative diterpenoids and acetophenone glycoside from the roots of Euphorbia fischeriana. · Phytochemistry
25.PMID: 35964805 (2022) — Euphorfiatnoids A-I: Diterpenoids from the roots of Euphorbia fischeriana with cytotoxic effects. · Phytochemistry
26.PMID: 39111719 (2024) — Three new diterpenoids from the roots of Euphorbia fischeriana and their cytotoxicity. · Fitoterapia
27.PMID: 37861961 (2024) — Mechanism Exploration of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. for Liver Cancer Based on Aspartic Acid Identification in Metabolomics. · Chinese journal of integrative medicine