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Cette fiche a été compilée à partir de résumés PubMed (NIH) avec l'assistance d'une IA. Chaque affirmation factuelle est citée par un article PubMed réel (voir la liste des sources). Elle n'a pas encore été révisée par un humain — confirmez auprès d'un professionnel de santé avant utilisation.
Compilé à partir de 30 articles PubMed · modèle : gemma4:31b
Résumé
Holarrhena antidysenterica, also known as kurchi or kutaj, is a medicinal plant from the Apocynaceae family used traditionally in Ayurveda for gastrointestinal and inflammatory conditions [PMID:37605416, PMID:42134430].
Contexte
Holarrhena antidysenterica (L.) Wall. ex A. DC. is a medicinal plant abundantly found in India [PMID:28989249]. It is a member of the Apocynaceae family, and its stem bark, leaves, and seeds are utilized for medicinal purposes [PMID:37605416].
Usages traditionnels
The plant is used in Ayurveda and folklore for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, parasitic infections, inflammatory conditions, constipation, colic, and diarrhea [PMID:20822397, PMID:42134430]. Its seeds are specifically used as an antidiabetic remedy [PMID:28989249], and it has traditional use in the treatment of urolithiasis [PMID:22622371].
Composés actifs
The plant contains steroidal alkaloids, including conessine (the main steroidal alkaloid), holadysenterine, isoconessimine, and kurchessine [PMID:17541193, PMID:42134430]. Other identified compounds include holarrhenanan and various phytochemicals with antibacterial and anti-oxidant properties [PMID:37605416, PMID:28412844].
Mécanisme d'action
Conessine and other steroidal alkaloids act as resistance-modifying agents by inhibiting multidrug efflux pumps (such as MexB in P. aeruginosa) to restore antibiotic efficacy [PMID:30340578, PMID:33025857, PMID:26745443]. The plant's seed extract also demonstrates acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity [PMID:22569298]. In the gut, extracts exhibit inhibitory effects on intestinal peristalsis [PMID:28412844] and can cause spasmogenic effects in guinea pig ileum that are pyrilamine-sensitive [PMID:20822397].
Preuves cliniques
Preuve DIntestinal Amoebiasis
A clinical study of 40 cases showed a 70% good response in E. histolytica cyst passers treated with Kutaja bark [PMID:22557529].
Preuve DDiarrhea
Ethanolic seed extract significantly reduced the severity of castor oil-induced diarrhea in rats at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg [PMID:27047049].
Preuve BChronic Ulcerative Colitis
A randomized single-blind parallel group study compared a monoherbal formulation of H. antidysenterica with Mesalamine, focusing on side effects and relapse [PMID:28182023].
Preuve DPain/Nociception
Ethanol seed extract showed dose-dependent reduction of writhing in mice (43.94% at 150 mg/kg) and central anti-nociceptive activity [PMID:32426548].
Preuve DUrolithiasis
Crude aqueous-methanolic extract inhibited crystal aggregation and transformed calcium oxalate monohydrate to dehydrate crystals in vitro [PMID:22622371].
Preuve D
Interactions médicamenteuses
The plant acts as a resistance-modifying agent, showing synergistic activity when combined with antibiotics such as novobiocin, rifampicin, and levofloxacin against resistant bacteria [PMID:24103863, PMID:26745443, PMID:30340578].
Synthèse des preuves
The evidence consists primarily of in vitro studies, animal models (rats, mice, G. mellonella), and small-scale clinical observations. While there is strong preclinical evidence for antimicrobial and antidiarrheal activity, high-level clinical trial data (Level A/B) is limited.
Sources PubMed
1.PMID: 37605416 (2024) — Expanded Therapeutic Applications of Holarrhena Antidysenterica: A Review. · Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening
2.PMID: 28989249 (2017) — Review of Holarrhena antidysenterica (L.) Wall. ex A. DC.: Pharmacognostic, Pharmacological, and Toxicological Perspective. · Pharmacognosy reviews
3.PMID: 24103863 (2014) — Holarrhena antidysenterica as a resistance modifying agent against Acinetobacter baumannii: Its effects on bacterial outer membrane permeability and efflux pumps. · Microbiological research
4.PMID: 32426548 (2020) — In vivo and in silico evaluation of antinociceptive activities of seed extract from the Holarrhena antidysenterica plant. · Heliyon
Aucune monographie gouvernementale directe n'est disponible pour cette plante. Le contenu ci-dessous est généré par IA et n'a pas été vérifié par rapport à une source gouvernementale faisant autorité. Utilisez les liens de recherche pour consulter les sources officielles avant de vous fier à ces informations.
Methanol bark extract inhibited cell viability and induced apoptotic cell death in Ca9-22 and HSC-3 cell lines [PMID:29358968].
(2018)
— Compounds with inhibitory activity on peristalsis from the seeds of Holarrhena antidysenterica.
· Natural product research
6.PMID: 27047049 (2015) — Evaluation of antidiarrheal activity of ethanolic extract of Holarrhena antidysenterica seeds in rats. · Veterinary world
7.PMID: 30340578 (2018) — Steroidal alkaloids and conessine from the medicinal plant Holarrhena antidysenterica restore antibiotic efficacy in a Galleria mellonella model of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. · BMC complementary and alternative medicine
8.PMID: 20822397 (2010) — Pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of Holarrhena antidysenterica in gut motility disorders. · Pharmaceutical biology
9.PMID: 22557529 (1986) — Clinical studies on amoebiasis and giardiasis evaluating the efficacy of kutaja (holarrhena antidysenterica) in entamoeba histolytica cyst passers. · Ancient science of life
10.PMID: 17541193 (2007) — Steroidal alkaloids from Holarrhena antidysenterica (L.) WALL. · Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin
11.PMID: 29575195 (2018) — Ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and biotechnological advances of family Apocynaceae: A review. · Phytotherapy research : PTR
12.PMID: 18476345 (2008) — Development and validation of a visible absorption densitometry method for quantitation of conessine in Holarrhena antidysenterica (Kurchi). · Journal of AOAC International
13.PMID: 26745443 (2016) — Holarrhena antidysenterica Extract and Its Steroidal Alkaloid, Conessine, as Resistance-Modifying Agents Against Extensively Drug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. · Microbial drug resistance (Larchmont, N.Y.)
14.PMID: 22622371 (2012) — Studies on the in vitro and in vivo antiurolithic activity of Holarrhena antidysenterica. · Urological research
15.PMID: 42134430 (2026) — Conessine, a steroidal alkaloid from Holarrhena antidysenterica: Ethnomedical roots, pharmacological insights, and formulation strategies for modern drug development. · Steroids
16.PMID: 29358968 (2017) — Methanol Extract of Holarrhena antidysenterica Inhibits the Growth of Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells and Osteoclastogenesis of Bone Marrow Macrophages. · Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM
17.PMID: 28182023 (2016) — A Randomized Single Blind Parallel Group Study Comparing Monoherbal Formulation Containing Holarrhena Antidysenterica Extract with Mesalamine in Chronic Ulcerative Colitis Patients. · Ancient science of life
18.PMID: 33025857 (2022) — Atomistic insight and modeled elucidation of conessine towards Pseudomonas aeruginosa efflux pump. · Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics
19.PMID: 22569298 (2012) — Steroidal alkaloids from Holarrhena antidysenterica as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and the investigation for structure-activity relationships. · Life sciences