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Cette fiche a été compilée à partir de résumés PubMed (NIH) avec l'assistance d'une IA. Chaque affirmation factuelle est citée par un article PubMed réel (voir la liste des sources). Elle n'a pas encore été révisée par un humain — confirmez auprès d'un professionnel de santé avant utilisation.
Compilé à partir de 30 articles PubMed · modèle : gemma4:31b
Résumé
Symplocos racemosa, known as lodhra, is a small evergreen tree used in traditional Indian medicine for various ailments, including uterine disorders and skin diseases [PMID:26851499].
Contexte
Symplocos racemosa Roxb. belongs to the unigeneric family Symplocaceae and is found throughout tropical and sub-tropical countries [PMID:26851499].
Usages traditionnels
Ethnobotanical literature indicates its use in treating eye, skin, and ear diseases, liver and bowel complaints, tumors, uterine disorders, spongy and bleeding gums, asthma, fever, snake-bite, gonorrhea, and arthritis [PMID:26851499].
Composés actifs
The plant contains flavonoids (including sympracemoside) [PMID:25549060], phenolic glycosides (such as benzoylsalireposide, salireposide, symplocuronic acid, and sympocemoside) [PMID:17566912, PMID:12711144], anthraquinones (symploquinones A-C) [PMID:29329652], triterpenoids (betulinic acid, oleanolic acid, acetyl oleanolic acid) [PMID:40079725], and ellagic acid [PMID:40079725].
Mécanisme d'action
Phytoconstituents have demonstrated inhibitory activity against phosphodiesterase I [PMID:12711144], thymidine phosphorylase [PMID:15643556], alpha-chymotrypsin [PMID:18620032], and urease [PMID:17616900]. Some compounds inhibit NO production [PMID:25549060] and may act as matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors (MMP 2 and MMP 9) for wound healing [PMID:38497294].
Preuves cliniques
Preuve DHepatotoxicity
Ethanol extract of S. racemosa bark showed significant dose-dependent restoration of serum enzymes, bilirubin, albumin, and total protein in CCl4-induced hepatic damage in rats [PMID:22022156].
Preuve DFemale Reproductive Disorders
Aqueous extracts significantly stimulated serum FSH and LH levels in immature female rats, enhancing folliculogenesis [PMID:15261983].
Preuve DInflammation and Pain
Bark extract exhibited significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects at 300 and 500mg/kg doses in mice and rats [PMID:26045374].
Preuve DWound Healing
S. racemosa was found to be effective in experimental models of wound healing [PMID:15866825].
Preuve DPolycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
A polyherbal formulation (DXB-2030) containing S. racemosa reversed testosterone propionate-induced changes in female rats [PMID:30863446].
Preuve DMicrobial Infections
Sécurité et effets indésirables
In vitro biosafety was evaluated using Ames and MTT assays, and in vivo biosafety of flavonoids was determined by acute oral toxicity [PMID:33203457]. Phenolic glycosides benzoylsalireposide and salireposide were found to be nontoxic up to 500 microM/mL [PMID:15558843].
Synthèse des preuves
The current evidence is primarily based on in vitro studies and animal models (Level D), demonstrating potential hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, and antimicrobial activities, as well as effects on female reproductive hormones.
Sources PubMed
1.PMID: 26851499 (2016) — A comprehensive analysis on Symplocos racemosa Roxb.: Traditional uses, botany, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
3.PMID: 40917526 (2025) — Phytocompounds of Honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa) and Lodhra (Symplocos racemosa) in the management of COVID-19 associated rheumatoid arthritis (CARA). · In silico pharmacology
4.PMID: 22022156 (2011) — Hepatoprotective activity of Symplocos racemosa bark on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic damage in rats. · Journal of Ayurveda and integrative medicine
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Anthraquinone derivatives (symploquinones 1 and 3) showed antibacterial activity against S. mutans, MRSA, and P. mirabilis, and promising anti-biofilm activity [PMID:29329652].
— Bioprospecting the antimicrobial, antibiofilm and antiproliferative activity of Symplocos racemosa Roxb. Bark phytoconstituents along with their biosafety evaluation and detection of antimicrobial components by GC-MS.
· BMC pharmacology & toxicology
6.PMID: 17566912 (2007) — New salirepin derivatives from Symplocos racemosa. · Journal of Asian natural products research
7.PMID: 38497294 (2025) — Multiple integrated computational approach to analyse wound healing potential of Symplocos racemosa bark as Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors. · Natural product research
8.PMID: 26115076 (2016) — Isolation and characterisation of three new anthraquinone secondary metabolites from Symplocos racemosa. · Natural product research
9.PMID: 29329652 (2017) — Three new anthraquinone derivatives isolated from Symplocos racemosa and their antibiofilm activity. · Chinese journal of natural medicines
10.PMID: 40079725 (2025) — Preparation, In Vivo and Molecular Docking Study of Nano-Emulsion Obtained From the Isolated Phytoconstituents of Symplocos racemosa for Mitigating Depression. · Chemistry & biodiversity
11.PMID: 41930762 (2026) — Synergistic Anti-dementia Effects of Symplocos racemosa Nanoemulsion: Isolation, Molecular Docking, and In Vivo Evaluation. · Current neurovascular research
12.PMID: 25975427 (2016) — IM-133N modulates cytokine secretion by RAW264.7 and THP-1 cells. · Journal of immunotoxicology
13.PMID: 15261983 (2004) — Effect of Symplocos racemosa Roxb. on gonadotropin release in immature female rats and ovarian histology. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
14.PMID: 26045374 (2014) — Antidiarrhoeal, Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of Symplocos racemesa roxb. Bark. · Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences
15.PMID: 30863446 (2019) — Effect of "DXB-2030," a Polyherbal Formulation, on Experimental Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Associated with Hyperandrogenism. · Advances in pharmacological sciences
16.PMID: 15643556 (2004) — Phosphodiesterase and thymidine phosphorylase-inhibiting salirepin derivatives from Symplocos racemosa. · Planta medica
17.PMID: 15938197 (2005) — Lipoxygenase inhibiting ethyl substituted glycoside from Symplocos racemosa. · Natural product research
18.PMID: 26865741 (2015) — Evaluation of the estrogenic activity of Indian medicinal plants in immature rats. · Ancient science of life
19.PMID: 17616900 (2007) — Kinetics studies on triacontanyl palmitate: a urease inhibitor. · Natural product research
20.PMID: 12711144 (2003) — Phenolic glycosides from Symplocos racemosa: natural inhibitors of phosphodiesterase I. · Phytochemistry
21.PMID: 15866825 (2003) — Plant medicines of Indian origin for wound healing activity: a review. · The international journal of lower extremity wounds
22.PMID: 29306573 (2019) — Challenges in integrating component level technology and system level information from Ayurveda: Insights from NMR phytometabolomics and anti-HIV potential of select Ayurvedic medicinal plants. · Journal of Ayurveda and integrative medicine
23.PMID: 25919204 (2015) — Anti-Androgenic Activity of Nardostachys jatamansi DC and Tribulus terrestris L. and Their Beneficial Effects on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome-Induced Rat Models. · Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
24.PMID: 18620032 (2008) — Kinetics study on a novel natural inhibitor of alpha-chymotrypsin. · Fitoterapia
25.PMID: 15558843 (2004) — Phenolic glyscosides, a new class of human recombinant nucleotide pyrophosphatase phosphodiesterase-1 inhibitors. · Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry
26.PMID: 19219729 (2009) — An investigation of the kinetic and anti-angiogenic properties of plant glycoside inhibitors of thymidine phosphorylase. · Journal of Asian natural products research
27.PMID: 15772993 (2005) — Structure determination of bioactive galloyl derivatives by NMR spectroscopy. · Magnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC