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This sheet was compiled from PubMed (NIH) abstracts using AI assistance. Every factual claim is cited to a real PubMed article (see the source list). It has not yet been human-reviewed — confirm with a healthcare provider before use.
Compiled from 25 PubMed articles · model: gemma4:31b
Summary
Renealmia alpinia is a medicinal plant native to the American continent, used traditionally in Colombia and other regions to treat snakebites and pain [PMID:25312186, PMID:25686780].
Background
Renealmia alpinia (Zingiberaceae) is found in tropical rainforests ranging from Mexico to Brazil, including the Caribbean islands, Guyana, Suriname, Colombia, and Venezuela [PMID:25312186, PMID:25686780].
Traditional uses
It is traditionally used to treat snakebites, pain, and as an antipyretic, antiemetic, and anticonvulsant, as well as for treating wounds, malignant ulcers, epilepsy, and fungal infections [PMID:25312186, PMID:29138643]. In Colombia, it is known as 'matandrea' and used as plasters for painful ailments [PMID:25686780, PMID:36097473].
Active compounds
Identified compounds include the flavanone pinostrobin, desmethoxyyangonin, 4'-methyl ether sakuranetin, sakuranetin, pinostrobin chalcone, and yashabushidiol A [PMID:29138643]. The essential oil contains sesquiterpenes such as α-phellandrene, 16-oxo-8(17),12(E)-labdadien-15-oic acid, β-caryophyllene, valencene, and allo-aromadendrene [PMID:36650708]. Other components include labdane diterpenoids, carotenoids, and phenolic compounds [PMID:9428162, PMID:34828906, PMID:39682838].
Mechanism of action
Extracts and the compound pinostrobin inhibit the enzymatic and biological activities of snake venoms, specifically neutralizing serine proteinase, metalloproteinase, and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) toxins [PMID:23916793, PMID:25138354, PMID:27109758]. Desmethoxyyangonin acts as a reversible inhibitor of human monoamine oxidases-A and B, showing a preference for MAO-B [PMID:29138643].
Clinical evidence
Evidence DSnakebite (Bothrops asper/atrox)
Extracts inhibit lethal, hemorrhagic, coagulant, and proteolytic activities of Bothrops venom in murine models [PMID:23916793, PMID:25941768, PMID:10940590].
Evidence DPain/Inflammation
Extracts and pinostrobin demonstrate antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities in experimental animals [PMID:25686780, PMID:36097473].
Evidence DMalaria (Plasmodium falciparum)
Ethanolic extracts displayed activity against chloroquine-resistant strains of P. falciparum (IC50 < 10 microg/ml) [PMID:19514108].
Safety & adverse effects
Acute toxicity tests in experimental animals indicated that R. alpinia extracts had no toxic effects [PMID:23715185].
Evidence summary
The evidence consists primarily of in vitro studies and animal models (Level D), demonstrating significant anti-venom, analgesic, and antioxidant properties, but lacks human clinical trials.
PubMed sources
1.PMID: 23916793 (2013) — Inhibition of venom serine proteinase and metalloproteinase activities by Renealmia alpinia (Zingiberaceae) extracts: comparison of wild and in vitro propagated plants. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
2.PMID: 25312186 (2014) — Traditional use of the genus Renealmia and Renealmia alpinia (Rottb.) Maas (Zingiberaceae)-a review in the treatment of snakebites. · Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine
3.PMID: 25686780 (2015) — Antinociceptive activity of extracts and secondary metabolites from wild growing and micropropagated plants of Renealmia alpinia. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
4.PMID: 25138354 (2014) — Inhibition of the toxic effects of Bothrops asper venom by pinostrobin, a flavanone isolated from Renealmia alpinia (Rottb.) MAAS. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
No direct government monograph is available for this herb. The content below is AI-generated and has not been verified against an authoritative government source. Use the search links to check official sources before relying on this information.
— Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of the essential oil of Renealmia alpinia (Rottb.) Maas.
· Natural product research
6.PMID: 25941768 (2015) — Extracts of Renealmia alpinia (Rottb.) MAAS Protect against Lethality and Systemic Hemorrhage Induced by Bothrops asper Venom: Insights from a Model with Extract Administration before Venom Injection. · Toxins
7.PMID: 27109758 (2016) — Inhibitory effect of pinostrobin from Renealmia alpinia, on the enzymatic and biological activities of a PLA2. · International journal of biological macromolecules
8.PMID: 29138643 (2017) — Interactions of Desmethoxyyangonin, a Secondary Metabolite from Renealmia alpinia, with Human Monoamine Oxidase-A and Oxidase-B. · Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM
9.PMID: 9428162 (1997) — Bioactive labdane diterpenoids from Renealmia alpinia collected in the Suriname rainforest. · Journal of natural products
10.PMID: 10479331 (1999) — A new labdane diterpenoid from Renealmia alpinia collected in the Suriname rainforest. · Journal of natural products
11.PMID: 23715185 (2012) — [Evaluation of the inhibitory effect of extracts from leaves of Renealmia alpinia Rottb. Maas (Zingiberaceae) on the venom of Bothrops asper (mapaná)]. · Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud
12.PMID: 36097473 (2022) — Study of the dermal anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and analgesic activity of pinostrobin. · Heliyon
13.PMID: 39682838 (2024) — Bioactive Composition of Tropical Flowers and Their Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties. · Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
14.PMID: 11737880 (2001) — Medicinal and ethnoveterinary remedies of hunters in Trinidad. · BMC complementary and alternative medicine
15.PMID: 19514108 (2009) — Medicinal plants from the Yanesha (Peru): evaluation of the leishmanicidal and antimalarial activity of selected extracts. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
16.PMID: 34828906 (2021) — Screening for Innovative Sources of Carotenoids and Phenolic Antioxidants among Flowers. · Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
17.PMID: 15264003 (2004) — Neutralization of the edema-forming, defibrinating and coagulant effects of Bothrops asper venom by extracts of plants used by healers in Colombia. · Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas
18.PMID: 16901169 (2006) — Synthesis and stereochemistry of the antitumor diterpenoid (+)-zerumin B. · The Journal of organic chemistry
19.PMID: 11025161 (2000) — Snakebites and ethnobotany in the northwest region of Colombia. Part III: neutralization of the haemorrhagic effect of Bothrops atrox venom. · Journal of ethnopharmacology
20.PMID: 10940590 (2000) — Snakebites and ethnobotany in the northwest region of Colombia: Part II: neutralization of lethal and enzymatic effects of Bothrops atrox venom. · Journal of ethnopharmacology